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Hepatitis in dogs could be due to infectious, toxic or metabolic causes. Among infectious causes, leptospira, canine adenovirus (CAV 1) and babesia are responsible at varying levels, depending on the local geo-climatic conditions. This study, conducted on 40 dogs with clinical signs of hepatitis in Thrissur, Kerala, revealed occurrence of 2.5 per cent (1/40) for CAV 1, 20 per cent (8/40) for leptospirosis and 22.5 per cent (9/40) for babesiosis. The aetiologies were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the E3 gene for CAV 1, microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for leptospirosis and peripheral blood smear examination for babesiosis. Haematological profile of CAV 1 infected animals revealed thrombocytopaenia, lymphopaenia, monocytopaenia and granulocytosis. Serum biochemical analysis divulged elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin and creatinine, with decreased total protein and albumin. Significant decrease in volume of packed red cells (VPRC), haemoglobin (Hb) and total erythrocyte count (TEC), with significant increase in total leukocyte count (TLC) were evident in dogs positive for leptospirosis. Serum biochemical analysis revealed significant increase in ALP, AST and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and significant decrease in total protein. Severe anaemia and thrombocytopenia with mild leucocytosis and significant increase in ALP and total bilirubin, with hypoproteinemia were noticed in animals with babesiosis.

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Anaplasmosis is a fatal infectious disease affecting small ruminants all over the world. Haematological analysis and therapeutic evaluation of anaplasmosis were done in clinically affected goats from Thrissur district, Kerala in this study. A total of 100 blood samples from clinically affected goats were collected and microscopically examined using Field’s staining technique for anaplasmosis which revealed 50 per cent positivity. Infected goats showed significant (p <0.05) decrease in their haematological variables like haemoglobin, MCH and platelets, compared to healthy animals. The effectiveness of long-acting oxytetracycline, long-acting enrofloxacin, and imidocarb dipropionate in treating anaplasmosis was 100%, 62.5%, and 50%, respectively. Long acting oxytetracycline was the most effective drug of choice for treating the disease.