The field of miniature low-powered and low cost A fatal feature of battery-powered WSNs is the conwireless sensor nodes has been growing tremendously and strained source of energy supplied by batteries coming with the wireless sensor nodes have been widely used in applications like medical implants, embedded sensors in building, s n b military applications, etc. However, little research works thus use tiny batteries. In many scenarios, it seems like it is have been carried out on the energy sources of the wire-not feasible to replace or recharge batteries of sensor nodes. less sensors such that the sensor nodes become self-powered. For example, NASA plans to deploy sensor networks in ar-This paper discusses various renewal energy sources available in the environment that can be tapped to supply en-eas of interest on Mars [8]. Meanwhile, in WSNs, wireless ergy for these wireless sensors. This paper has special incommunication is considered much more energy consuming terest on piezoelectric generator because it is simple and than sensing and computing [9]. All these factors make it easy to harvest mechanical force energy from human beings as compared to other energy sources. An energy harvest-e t d ing circuit design for piezoelectric pushbutton-generator is protocols to maintain requested network properties (e.g.proposed and implemented efficiently for wireless radio fre-connectivity) as well as effective energy harvesting scheme quency (RF) transmitter. This self-powered wireless transfor network lifetime as long as possible. mitter is capable of transmitting a 12-bit digital word information using the mechanical force energy harvested from There have been two different approaches to maximizing depressing the pushbutton which is attached to the energy sensor network lifetime; efficient routing and topology conharvesting circuit. The experimental results show that when trol protocols and low or even self-powered concept. The the piezoelectric pushbutton is depressed, 67.61 ,uJ of electrical energy is scavenged and it is sufficient to transmit 2 first approach aims to minimize energy consumption and to complete 12-bit digital word information via the RF unit. maximize network lifetime by developing energy conserv-The RF unit consumes 26.4 /tJ of energy for 1 word transing routing and topology control protocols and maximize mission. network lifetime to prolong the WSNs lifetime.

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