The Greater One-horned Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) is found almost exclusively in Nepal and North-Eastern India. There have beenonly a few studies made on the food and the nutrient compositions of fodder species preferred by The Greater One- horned Rhinoceros. Thepresent study identifies the nutrient content of the fodder species consumed by One-horned rhinoceros which would be helpful to develop proper strategies for rhinoceros food management. For this altogether 8 grass species which were most preferred by rhinoceros were collected from Chitwan National Park. Systematic sampling was applied for sample collection and collected samples were taken to the Animal Nutrition Laboratory, Khumaltar for nutrient analysis. Among all the collected species the highest OM% was seen in Faank (93.98 ± 0.88) while Ash% and CP% was found to be highest in Eragrastic Tenella (13.67 ± 2.92) and Phragmatic karka (11.94 ± 2.26) respectively. Lowest NDF% was again seen in Eragrastic tenella (76.76 ± 2.93) and lowest ADF% and ADL% were found in Mala dubo with mean values (43.50 ± 6.86) and (6.41 ± 2.16) respectively showing high digestibility of these grasses. There were only slight variation in the EE% of the grass species withhighest mean value of (3.702 ± 1.73) of Imperata cylindrical to lowest mean value of (1.722 ± 0.11) of Eragrastic tenella. Highest energy was found in Faank (4181.90 ±1.10) and Calcium content was seen highest in Cynodon dactylon (1.30 ± 0.83).DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i4.11119 Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 2(4): 402-408

NOTE: on 27th May 2014 in the abstract, the sentence"The surface tension of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is found less in presence of KCl than NaCl in aqueous media" was changed to read "The surface tension of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is found more in presence of KCl than NaCl in aqueous media."In the Conclusion (p.56) the sentence"The surface tension of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is found less in presence of KCl than NaCl in aqueous media." was changed to read"The surface tension of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is found more in presence of KCl than NaCl in aqueous media." Precise measurements on Surface tension of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide in presence and in absence of KCl and NaCl in aqueous media are reported. The results showed a sharp decrease in surface tension with increase in concentration of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and then almost constant value of surface tension was observed. Also, the surface tension decreases with addition of salts. The surface tension of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is found less in presence of KCl than NaCl in aqueous media. In presence of monovalent salts, the critical micelle concentration (cmc) value decreases which is explained on the basis of the orientation of the surfactant and reduction of the free energy of the surface, thus decreasing surface tension. The graphs of surface tension versus concentration are used in determining the critical micelle concentration (cmc). BIBECHANA 10 (2014) 52-57 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v10i0.9311

Viscosity measurement of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide in presence and in absence of KCl and NaCl in aqueous media is done. The results showed a sharp increase in viscosity with increase in concentration of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. Also, the viscosity increases with addition of salts. The viscosity of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is found more in presence of KCl than NaCl in aqueous media. In presence of monovalent salts, the critical micelle concentration (cmc) value decreases which is explained on the basis of nature and ionic strength of the added ion. The graphs of viscosity versus concentration are used in determining the critical micelle concentration (cmc).

In Ayurveda, Shalyatantra is one of the eminent branches based on six major methods of management among which Agnikarma is boon for local Vata and Kaphaja Vyadhi. Its effect can be assessed as Sthanik Karma (local action), Saarvadaihik Karma (Action throughout the body) and Vishista Karma (Special actions). Based on amount of Agni needed, the condition and site of disease, Dahanupakarana are used to produce therapeutic burns during Agnikarma Chikitsa. It can be classified according to Dravya used, site, disease, Akritiand Dhatu to be cauterized. Based on the Dagdha (Burn), it is again of four type viz. scorched burn, blistered burn, superficial burn and deep burn. Its indication is in all seasons except in summer and autumn. Indications and contraindications are well expounded in classics with detail information on Purva Karma, Pradhana Karma and Paschat Karma during Agnikarma as it is superior to every other procedure used in Ayurveda Surgery. In modern medicine, there is no use of therapeutical burn i.e., Samyak Dagdha Chikitsa but its use is in other form eg., Cauterization is used for coagulation and tissue destruction. Agnikarma is considered as the best therapy to pacify Kaphanubandha Vata Dosha because Agni possesses Ushna, Tikshna, Sukshma, Aashukari Gunas, which have anti Vataja and anti Kaphaja properties. It is done by red hot Shalaka. It gives quick relief to the patient and hence is termed as best therapy.