The determination of blood groups appears to be very useful in transfusion medicine, genetics, forensic medicine, organ transplantation and maternal alloimmunization. In Moba, blood transfusion is indicated in several anemias of the children. The present study aimed to determine the frequency of ABO and Rhesus blood groups in our environment. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Blood donors registered at the Moba General Reference Hospital for the period 2015 to 2016 were selected for this study (n = 2292). The Beth-Vincent test was used to determine blood group phenotypes from the monoclonal test sera. Blood groups O (60.5%) and AB (2.5%) were respectively the most frequent and the least encountered. In our series of studies, the numerical frequency order of the phenotypes of the ABO and Rhesus (D) blood groups included in order of importance: O + (n = 1364 or 59.5%); A + (n = 488 or 21.3%); B + (n = 348 or 15.2%); AB + (n = 55 or 2.4%); O − (n = 22 or 1.0%); A − (n = 7 or 0.3%); B − (n = 5 or 0.2%); and AB − (n = 3 or 0.1%). This observed difference between the different ABO and Rhesus groups is significant. Sex does not significantly affect the type of blood group. The distribution of ABO and rhesus groups follows the same Negroid distribution as in many countries. The results should be capitalized for proper priority management of the blood to be stored in the blood bank.