Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury is the most feared complication of thyroid surgery. Hydrodissection; separation of tissues by fluids is described in laparoscopic cholecystectomy, cataract surgery, carpal tunnel syndrome treatment where meticulous dissection must be carried out. In this study, we aimed to assess the incidence of RLN damage observed in our series by hydrodissection of RLN during thyroid surgery. MATERIAL AND METHOD:Thirty four consecutive patients underwent thyroidectomy for various thyroid diseases in 18 months were included in the study. All the patients' demographic variables (age, sex), operation type (bilateral total thyroidectomy, hemithyroidectomy (total lobectomy and isthmectomy), completion total thyroidectomy, whether central neck compartment dissection was performed), pathology reports, nerves at risk were noted retrospectively.RESULTS: Only in one case, temporary unilateral RLN paralysis causing hoarseness was observed, after total thyroidectomy performed for voluminous toxic multinodular goitre. CONCLUSION:Hydrodissection is an easily applicable, non timeconsuming and cheap technique. This preliminary study may be followed by further researches with larger sample sizes.