NASCION-type Li conductors have great potential to bring high capacity solid-state batteries to realization, related to its properties such as high ionic conductivity, stability under ambient conditions, wide electrochemical stability window, and inexpensive production. However, their chemical and thermal instability toward metallic lithium (Li) has severely hindered attempts to utilize Li as anode material in NASCION-based battery systems. In this work, it is shown how a tailored multifunctional interlayer between the solid electrolyte and Li anode can successfully address the interfacial issues. This interlayer is designed by creating a quasi-solid-state paste in which the functionalities of LAGP (Li 1.5 Al 0.5 Ge 1.5 (PO 4 ) 3 ) nanoparticles and an ionic liquid (IL) electrolyte are combined. In a solid-sate cell, the LAGP-IL interlayer separates the Li metal from bulk LAGP and creates a chemically stable interface with low resistance (≈5 Ω cm 2 ) and efficiently prevents thermal runaway at elevated temperatures (300 °C). Solid-state cells designed with the interlayer can be operated at high current densities, 1 mA cm −2 , and enable high rate capability with high safety. Here developed strategy provides a generic path to design interlayers for solid-state Li metal batteries.

No abstract

CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts were prepared by a mechanical-force-driven solid-state ion-exchange method, and their catalytic performance for methanol synthesis was investigated in a manufactured reactor with an internal cooling system. With the increasing of milling speed during ball-milling, the ion exchange between Cu2+ and Zn2+ in catalyst precursors is enhanced. After calcination, CuO nanoparticles are neighboring to ZnO nanoparticles and ZnO nanoparticles serve as spacers to prevent the agglomeration of CuO nanoparticles, leading to a cross-distribution of CuO and ZnO in catalysts. The as-prepared catalysts exhibit excellent catalytic activities, and the highest CO2 conversion and CH3OH yield at 240 °C and 4 MPa can reach 59.5% and 43.7%, respectively. The extraordinary catalytic performance can be attributed to both the cross-distribution of CuO and ZnO nanoparticles caused by solid-state ion exchange and the promotion of reversible CO2 hydrogenation reaction toward methanol synthesis by the internal cooling system.

No abstract

No abstract