Aim To assess the exosomal miR‐21/Let‐7a ratio, a noninvasive method, in distinguishing non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from benign pulmonary diseases. Methods The exosomes were extracted from the peripheral blood serum using serum exosomal extraction kit. miR‐21 and Let‐7a levels were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results We found that miR‐21/Let‐7a ratio of NSCLC patients was significantly higher than that of healthy people, patients with pulmonary inflammation diseases, and benign pulmonary nodules, respectively. Receiver‐operating characteristic analysis revealed that as compared with healthy controls, miR‐21/Let‐7a produced the area under the curve (AUC) at 0.8029 in patients with NSCLC, which helped to distinguish NSCLC from healthy controls with 81.33% sensitivity and 69.57% specificity. In addition, the AUC of miR‐21/Let‐7a in NSCLC patients was 0.8196 in comparison to patients with pulmonary inflammation diseases. Meanwhile, the sensitivity and specificity were 56.00% and 100%, respectively. Furthermore, compared with patients with benign pulmonary nodules, the AUC of miR‐21/Let‐7a in NSCLC patients was 0.7539. The sensitivity and specificity were 56.00% and 82.61%, respectively. Conclusion In the present study, our findings revealed that exosomal miR‐21/Let‐7a ratio holds considerable promise as a noninvasive biomarker for the diagnosis of NSCLC from benign pulmonary diseases.

BackgroundCombination of neoadjuvant immunotherapy and chemotherapy (nICT) is a novel treatment for locally esophageal cancer squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study aimed to evaluate the potential effect of nICT on surgery safety by comparing short-term outcomes between the surgery alone group and the nICT followed by surgery group.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed to identify patients (from January 2017 to July 2021) who underwent surgery for ESCC with or without nICT. A propensity score matching (PSM) comparison (1:1) was conducted to reduce selection biases and balance the demographic and oncologic characteristics between groups.ResultsAfter PSM, the nICT group (n = 38) was comparable to the surgery alone group (n = 38) in the following characteristics: age, sex, BMI, ASA status, smoking, tumor location, lymph node resection, clinical stage, anastomotic location, surgical approach, and surgical approach. The operation time and incidence of postoperative pneumonia in the nICT group were higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). However, other complications and major complications were comparable between the two groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups in intraoperative blood loss, ICU stay time, postoperative hospital stay, and hospitalization cost. The 30-day mortality, 30-day readmission, and ICU readmission rates were also similar in the nICT and control groups. In the nICT group, the pathological complete response rate in primary tumor was 18.4%, and the major pathological response rate in tumor was 42.1%.ConclusionsBased on our preliminary experience, nICT followed by surgery is safe and effective with acceptable increased operation risk, manageable postoperative complications, and promising pathological response. Further multicenter prospective trials are needed to validate our results.

No abstract

No abstract

Objective: The purpose of this paper was to investigate the role and mechanism of EEF1D in various diseases, especially in tumorigenesis and development, and explore the possibility of EEF1D as a biological target.Background: EEF1D is a part of the EEF1 protein complex, which can produce four protein isoforms, of which three short isoforms are used as translation elongation factors. The three short isoforms play a role in anti-aging, regulating the cell cycle, and promoting the occurrence and development of malignant tumors, and the only long-form isoform plays a role in the development of the nervous system.Methods: We searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases for literature up to January 2021 using relevant keywords, including "EEF1D", "eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 delta", "translation elongation factor", "translation elongation factor and cancer", and "translation elongation factor and nervous system disease". We then created an overview of the literature and summarized the results of the paper.Conclusions: Through the review of relevant articles, we found that EEF1D is obviously overexpressed in a variety of tumors, and can regulate the proliferation of tumor cells and tumor growth, as well as play a role in tumor invasion. EEF1D is likely to become a new biological target for tumor therapy and diagnosis.