Rice is everyday meal of about half of the world's population. Demand for rice is continuously growing because of increasing population. With the impact of climate change, rice crop needs to be diversi ed with direct seeded cultivation. Under direct seeded condition seeds of high seedling vigour and good crop stand are preferred. Therefore, the following study was undertaken to analyse the seed traits and its effect on seedling vigour and grain yield in rice wild species. It was found that large seeds have larger embryos and better seedling vigour. Signi cant positive correlation found between embryo area grain yield, germination percentage nodal root number and seedling height. The cultivated Oryza sativa genotypes had largest embryo area and seed area followed by Oryza meridionalis. Oryza glaberrima had the smallest embryo area. The seed size was observed to be evolved under selection pressure. Bigger seed sizes in the Oryza sativa cultivars indicate gradual selection for increased seed size and tness under agronomic condition.

Background: The present investigation was effectuated to study mungbean germplasms with an objective to estimate the genetic variability parameterssuch as coefficient of variation, heritability andgenetic advance for yield and its contributing traits. Method: The experimental material comprises of forty mungbean genotypes evaluated during Kharif-2017. An experimental study was conducted with emphasis on the selection of superior along with highly variable genotypes thatwere analyzed in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Result: The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed thatthe genotypic variations were significant for all of the traits and magnitude of variation was found high for clusters per plant followed by harvest index and seed yield per plant. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was recorded for clusters per plant (96.00%, 65.48%), seed yield per plant (96.00%, 45.78%), pods per plant (93.00%, 44.81%), harvest index (86.00%, 44.42%). Thus, the present findings could be beneficial to develop superior genotypes through selection in mungbean breeding program.