SUMMARY Dysphagia and drooling are frequently reported consequences of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and this article aims to review their management. Several PD-specific and validated instruments are available for the screening and evaluation of dysphagia and drooling, including the Swallowing Disturbance Questionnaire (SDQ), Sialorrhea Clinical Scale for Parkinson’s disease (SCS-PD), Radboud Oral Motor Inventory for Parkinson’s Disease (ROMP), subscales for swallowing and saliva, and non-motor questionnaires that include items on dysphagia and drooling (e.g., Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s disease-Autonomic [SCOPA-AUT]; Non-motor Symptoms Questionnaire for Parkinson’s disease [PD-NMSQuest]; and Non-motor Symptoms Assessment Scale for Parkinson’s disease [NMSS]). For the behavioral treatment of dysphagia traditional techniques are helpful, however, exercise training might be more effective. Dysphagia appears to be resistant to drug treatment, but dysphagic patients may benefit from deep brain stimulation. For the treatment of drooling, swallow compensations should be tried, but when saliva reduction is required, botulinum-toxin injections are currently the best option. Overall, there is an urgent need for new approaches to treat dysphagia and drooling in PD.
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