Resumo: Esse estudo objetivou avaliar a composição química e potencial terapêutico do extrato hidroalcóolico de geoprópolis produzidas por abelhas Plebeia aff. flavocincta no semiárido do Rio Grande do Norte. Oito amostras (A-H) foram submetidas a quantificação dos teores de fenóis e flavonoides totais e avaliação da atividade antioxidante através do método DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-picril-hidrazilo). Além disso, foram investigadas as atividades antibacteriana, através do método de difusão em ágar, e a cicatrizante, através da indução de feridas cirúrgicas experimentais em Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769, linhagem Wistar, tratados com creme à base de geoprópolis. Duas amostras (F e G) se destacaram por apresentar altos valores de fenóis e flavonoides totais. A capacidade antioxidante acima de 90% foi observada em cinco amostras. Os extratos foram considerados eficazes no que se refere a atividade antibacteriana, pois das oito amostras, cinco promoveram a formação de halos de inibição ≥9mm para todas as cepas testadas. Duas amostras (D e G) se destacaram em relação as demais por apresentar excelentes resultados, uma vez que, promoveram a formação de halos de inibição para as bactérias Staphylococcus epidermidis e Escherichia coli, superiores estatisticamente aos valores dos antibióticos controles, quando na concentração de 100%. As amostras A e G promoveram, respectivamente, a formação de halos de inibição, que não diferiram significativamente dos halos produzidos pelos antibióticos controles em todas as concentrações testadas para E. coli e Staphylococcus aureus. A análise do processo de cicatrização sob os pontos de vista clínico, macroscópico e histológico permitiu concluir, que o uso do creme à base de geoprópolis apresentou influência positiva na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas experimentais, por promover reação inflamatória menos intensa e fechamento mais rápido das feridas em relação ao grupo controle.
The present work aimed to investigate the presence of T. vivax DNA in the semen of experimentally infected goats. Twelve male goats native to the Brazilian Northeast, adults, were randomly assigned to two experimental groups: the infected group consisting of six goats infected intravenously with 0.5 mL of blood containing approximately 1.25 × 10 trypomastigotes of T. vivax, and a control group composed of six uninfected goats. After the infection, clinical examinations aiming to evaluate rectal temperature, parasitemia and hematocrit were performed. Semen samples were collected from goats by electroejaculation on the 7th, 14th and 21st days post-infection (dpi). The recombinant DNA-encoding gene encoding the L-like-specific gene for T. vivax. The infection was characterized by increased rectal temperature, high parasitemia and significant reduction of hematocrit values. Results for T. vivax DNA detection using TviCatL-PCR were positive in all semen samples from the infected group collected on 7th, 14th and 21st dpi. The presence of T. vivax DNA in 7th dpi suggests the early invasion of the parasite in the reproductive organs. Also, the finding of T. vivax DNA in all periods analyzed may suggest the continued elimination of the parasite in the semen, which may increase the chances of sexual transmission. Thus, T. vivax DNA is recorded for the first time in the semen of infected goats. Thus, these data are of great importance, since the detection of the T. vivax genetic material in the semen may point to the possibility that the parasite may be transmitted through the sexual pathway.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of the honey bee Apis mellifera ethanolic extract of the red propolis, obtained in four municipalities of the Rio Grande do Norte semi-arid region, through an in vitro evaluation of the antineoplastic potential in human hepatic carcinoma (HepG2) and normal cell lines (L929), and from the comet assay in hepatic cell lines (ZF-L hepatocytes) to evaluate the genoprotective potential of the extract. The hepatoprotective effect was also evaluated in vivo by the induction of chronic experimental hepatic lesions in rodents (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769), Wistar line, by intraperitoneal administration of thioacetamide (TAA) at the dose of 0.2g/kg. The animals were distributed in the following experimental groups: G1 (control), G2 (treated with 500mg/kg ethanolic extract of propolis), G3 (treated with 500mg/kg of ethanolic extract and TAA) and G4 (treated with TAA). All rats were submitted to serum biochemical, macroscopic, histological and stereological biochemical exams of the liver. It was verified the genoprotective effect of red propolis since the mean damages promoted to DNA in cells tested with the extract were significantly lower than the mean of the positive control damage (hydrogen peroxide). The red propolis extract did not present cytotoxic activity to the tumor cells of human liver cancer, as well as to normal ones. The absence of cytotoxicity in normal cells may indicate safety in the use of the propolis extract. The results of the serum biochemical evaluation showed that the serum levels of the aminotransferase enzymes (AST) did not differ significantly between G1, G2 and G3 when compared to each other. G4 showed significant increase in levels compared to the other groups, indicating that the administration of the extract did not cause liver toxicity, as well as exerted hepatoprotective effect against the hepatic damage induced by TAA. The G3 and G4 animals developed cirrhosis, but in G3 the livers were characterized by the presence of small regenerative nodules and level with the surface of the organ, whereas in G4 the livers showed large regenerative nodules. The livers of the G1 and G2 animals presented normal histological appearance, whereas the livers of the G3 animals showed regenerative nodules surrounded by thin septa of connective tissue, and in G4 the regenerative nodules were surrounded by thick septa fibrous connective tissue. The analysis of the hepatic tissues by means of stereology showed that there was no statistical difference between the percentage of hepatocytes, sinusoids, and collagens in G1 and G2. In G3 the percentage of hepatocytes, sinusoids, and collagen did not differ significantly from the other groups. It was concluded that the ethanolic extract of the red propolis exerted a hepatoprotective effect, because it promoted in vitro reduction of the damage to the DNA of liver cells, antineoplastic activity in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2) and did not exert cytotoxic effect in normal cells or was able to reduce liver enzyme activity and the severity of cirrhosis induced by TAA in vivo.
RESUMO: Poucos estudos avaliaram a diversidade de ectoparasitos e a associação deles com seus hospedeiros que ocorrem no bioma Caatinga, Nordeste do Brasil. Considerando-se essa falta de conhecimento, este estudo objetivou identificar e determinar a ocorrência de carrapatos coletados de pequenos mamíferos da Estação Experimental Rafael Fernandes, no Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. De janeiro de 2014 a fevereiro de 2015 foram capturados 52 marsupiais (38 Gracilinanus agilis e 14 Monodelphis domestica) e 10 roedores (5 Wiedomys sp., 4 Thrichomys sp. e 1 Rattus norvegicus). Foram identificados os carrapatos Amblyomma auricularium, Amblyomma parvum, Amblyomma sp., Ornithodoros mimon e Ornithodoros sp., empregando estudo morfológico, chaves taxonômicas e sequenciamento parcial do gene mitocondrial 16S rDNA de carrapatos. Todas as associações carrapato-hospedeiro encontradas neste estudo são relatadas pela primeira vez no Rio Grande do Norte e constituem novos dados ecológicos aplicáveis aos ectoparasitos de pequenos mamíferos no nordeste do Brasil.
Discentes da graduação em Medicina Veterinária da UFERSA. 3 Médico Veterinário, doutorando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal da UFERSA. 4 Médica veterinária e mestranda do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal da UFERSA. 5 Médico Veterinário, Mestrando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias da Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE). 6 Médica veterinária, Docente do DCAn da UFERSA. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Resumo: Cavia porcellus, popularmente conhecido como porquinho-da-Índia, atualmente é considerado um animal de estimação e companhia. É fonte de alimentação e um importante animal de laboratório, uma vez que são usados para realização de experimentos. Pode ser acometido por uma variedade de agentes patogênicos, dentre eles os ectoparasitos. Nesta linha, o presente trabalho objetivou registrar pela primeira vez a ocorrência de infestação por Gliricola porcelli em C. porcellus da cidade de Mossoró, RN. Em outubro de 2013, um roedor identificado como C. porcellus foi levado para avaliação clínica à Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido. Na ocasião, observou-se que o animal apresentava prurido e uma inquietação. Desta forma, inspecionou-se sua superfície corporal
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