Surface hardening is a process of forming high hardness layer at the surface of metal object, thus improving wear resistance without the need for hardening whole section. It allows reduce stress, deformations and cost of the finished product compared to through thickness hardening. Electron beam due to high heating rate makes it possible to obtain very thin layers with required properties. Also, because of the ease of dynamic deflection and focusing, hardening of components with complex geometries is possible. This paper presents the results of metallographic and hardness test of electron beam hardened C45 grade steel shaft.