Geoparks currently form the basis for the development of geotourism and, therefore, proposals of new geoparks are developed in many countries, including Poland, where over 20 locations for geoparks have been proposed so far. Two national geoparks have been established thus far, while another two have received the status of UNESCO Global Geoparks None of them are located in the Carpathian Mountains. Simultaneously south-eastern Poland—the Podkarpackie Province—boasts valuable geoheritage, biotic and cultural assets. In the past, having regard for the geological heritage, several research teams proposed the creation of three geoparks encompassing the existing landscape parks in that area. However, these were proposals based solely on scientific values. The objective of the study was to comprehensively assess their tourism potential, with a particular focus on geoheritage assets. The assessment has made it possible to determine to what extent these assets meet the conditions necessary for the functioning of this type of areas, i.e., the occurrence of diverse tourist assets, well-developed infrastructure and appropriate development potential. The assessment method used is based on 25 indices forming six groups. The analyses have been carried out for districts lying within the proposed geoparks. It has been found that the analysed area has a sufficiently high geoheritage potential that can be the basis for the functioning of two geoparks. The tourist infrastructure—particularly accommodation and catering facilities and geotourist trails—needs to be expanded and improved. It is particularly important to encourage local communities to become involved and engage in business activity within the geopark.
The use of wind and water energy for economic purposes in the 19th and 20th century in the Zagożdżonka River basin The article presents ways to use renewable sources of energy in the 19th and early 20th century in the Zagożdżonka River basin (left tributary of the Vistula River). The river basin is located in central Poland, in the south of the Mazowieckie Province Physico-geo- -graphically, it is located within three mesoregions: the Vistula Central Valley, the Kozienice Plain, the Radom Plain. The aim of the study is to reconstruct the location of the renewable energy source receivers. Special attention was paid to the terrain conditions and settlement network. Archival sources were used to perform detailed analyses. The most important sources include archival maps: Topographic Chart of the Kingdom of Poland, Karte des westlichen Rußlands, the tactical map of WIG, The Geographic Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland and Other Slavic Countries. Thanks to GIS tools, it was possible to reconstruct the location of linear (watercourses), surface (mill ponds, forests), and point objects – water wheels and windmills. Several spatial analyses (density of water wheels and windmills, geomorphological position, density changes) were performed using GIS software. The wind potential (Wind Effect) was also calculated, to which the location of windmills was related. The population density in the water basin was reconstructed, which gave a picture of the socio-economic space. The results of the analyses indicate the dynamic development of milling in the 19th and early 20th century. The reconstruction of the then existing settlement network provided a basis for relating the location of mills to the socio-economic conditions in the river basin. The highest densities of mills were found near the largest towns, e.g. Kozienice, Czarnolas, and Policzna. Zarys treści: W artykule przedstawiono sposoby wykorzystania energii wód płynących i wiatru w XIX i na początku XX w. na obszarze zlewni Zagożdżonki (lewostronnego dopływu Wisły). Omawiana zlewnia położona jest w centralnej części Polski, na południu województwa mazowieckiego. Pod względem fizycznogeograficznym znajduje się w obrębie trzech mezoregionów: Doliny Środowej Wisły, Równiny Kozienickiej, Równiny Radomskiej. Celem badań była rekonstrukcja lokalizacji młynów wodnych i wiatraków. Szczególną uwagę podczas prowadzenia analiz zwrócono na warunki terenowe oraz sieć osadniczą. Do wykonania analiz wykorzystano źródła archiwalne: Topograficzną Kartę Królestwa Polskiego, Karte des westlichen Rußlands, mapę taktyczną WIG, Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich. Dzięki użyciu narzędzi GIS odtworzono położenie obiektów liniowych (cieków), powierzchniowych (stawów młyńskich, lasów) i punktowych – urządzeń wodnych oraz wiatraków. Przy użyciu oprogramowania GIS wykonano analizy przestrzenne: zagęszczenia urządzeń wodnych i wiatraków, położenia geomorfologicznego, zmian gęstości. Obliczono również potencjał wietrzny (Wind Effect), z którym korelowano lokalizację wiatraków. Przeanalizowano zmiany gęstości zaludnienia na obszarze zlewni, co dało obraz przestrzeni społeczno-gospodarczej. Wyniki przeprowadzonych analiz wskazują na dynamiczny rozwój młynarstwa w XIX i na początku XX w. Rekonstrukcja ówczesnej sieci osadniczej dała podstawy do wykonania map gęstości ludności, z którymi następnie korelowano lokalizację młynów. Największe zagęszczenia młynów występują w pobliżu największych miejscowości regionu, np. Kozienic, Czarnolasu, Policznej.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.