During routine survey for amphibian nematodes from coalfield areas of West Bengal, India 7 male and 12 female nematodes were recovered from the rectum of one out of three Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Schneider, 1899) examined for helminth infection from Kulti, Burdwan. On examination the recovered nematodes were found to belong to a new species of the genus Aplectana (Nematoda: Cosmocercidae) and the name Aplectana duttaphryni sp. nov. is proposed for them. This species is most similar to those species which possess gubernaculum but differs from all by distribution pattern of caudal papillae. Aplectana duttaphryni sp. nov. represents 49 th species assigned to the genus, but only the 4 th species reported from Oriental realm and second from India.

Cosmocerca bengalensis sp. nov. (Ascaridida, Cosmocercidae) recovered from the rectum of an Indian bullfrog, Hoplobatrachus tigerinus (Daudin, 1803), collected from Hetampur town in Birbhum district of West Bengal, India, is described and illustrated. This species is similar to C. acanthurum, C. banyulensis, C. cruzi, C. japonica, C. kalesari, C. microhylae, C. novaeguineae, C. ornata, C. paraguayensis, C. parva, C. podicipinus and C. travassosi in having 5 pairs of plectanes supporting preanal papillae but differs from these species by general morphometry, absence of somatic papillae in females, absence of gubernaculum and having only one pair of adanal papillae in males and one pair postanal papillae in females except C. microhylae. Present parasites differ from C. microhylae by absence of gubernaculum and general morphometry. Cosmocerca bengalensis sp. nov. represents the thirtheith species assigned to the genus, seventh from Oriental region and fifth species from India.

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Baylis and Daubney, 1922, recovered from the intestine of Asiatic water snake, (Schneider, 1799), collected from the Bolpur town, Birbhum district of West Bengal, India, is redescribed. This species is characterised by presence of buccal capsule which is reddish-brown in colour and consists of two lateral buccal valves. Each buccal valve bears five complete and four incomplete longitudinal ridges, presence of similar, non-alate, unequal spicules and fourteen pairs of pedunculated caudal papillae. Of these papillae, seven pairs are preanal, two pairs are adanal and five pairs are postanal in position. Khera, 1954 is proposed as a synonym for Baylis and Daubney, 1922. Birbhum district is recorded as new geographical locality for this parasite.