Background: This study investigated the effectiveness of using patient participation goal attainment scaling in a telenursing system for self-management behavior in two Japanese type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: The intervention consisted of using goal attainment scaling to set goals, and efforts toward realizing these goals were made using a telenursing system that included on-demand webcam conversations, e-mail and phone calls. Over the intervention period of 6 months, the patients performed daily self-monitoring and the nurse provided telenursing support according to the patients' needs and nursing care requirements. Results: Both patients had improved self-management behavior and a positive opinion of the telenursing system and goal attainment scaling. Conclusion: Incorporating goal attainment scaling into a telenursing system for type 2 diabetic patients was effective in continuing self-management behavior, suggesting that it is effective in providing continued home nursing care in diabetic patients.