BACKGROUND: Ultrasound(USG) is the initial imaging tool for the assessment of thyroid lesions, due to its easy availability and no radiation risk.USG based TIRADS uses particular lexicons for reporting a focal thyroid nodule,based on which risk of malignancy is calculated and finally a TIRADS category is assigned.The lexicons used are helpful for effective communication between the practitioners. OBJECTIVE:To determine the efficacy of ACR based TIRADS in predicting suspicious thyroid nodules and categorizing the patients in need of further evaluation with FNAC or follow up. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study was done over a period of 1 year (January 2019–January 2020)and include 50 patients. Patients having thyroid nodules in B-mode ultrasound were included in the study. The nodules were then grouped into their respective categories based on ACR TI-RADS and further management was decided. Pathological correlation using Bethesda classification and cancer risk of each TIRADS category was determined in the follow-up period simultaneously. RESULTS:All the 6 nodules classified under the TIRADS 5 category were found to be malignant while none of the TIRADS 2 nodules out of 29 were malignant i.e.Bethesda IV or higher.The risk of malignancy for ACR TI-RADS categories 1,2,3,4 and 5 was 0, 14.3, 62.5 and 100%, respectively.The risk of cancer in our study is almost comparable to other prominent studies. CONCLUSION:ACR based TIRADS classification is reliable in predicting thyroid malignancy.

Background: Computed tomographic enterography (CTE) is a newer non-invasive modality having distinct advantages over conventional CT and capsule endoscopy. Objectives: This technique allows faster evaluation of small bowel diseases in the endoscopically inaccessible segments. Being an operator-independent procedure, CTE is widely available and allows a better depiction of extra enteric complications. The aim is to evaluate CTE features of various small bowel diseases and the role of 2% mannitol for adequate small bowel distension. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study comprising 105 patients had presented with small bowel diseases. Patients in the age group of 10 to 85 years with complaints of fever, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, altered bowel habits, loss of appetite and loss of weight were included in this study. CTE images were analyzed to compare the diagnosis with the available histopathological and ultrasonography results. Results: Among the study population, the majority had presented CTE features such as symmetrical wall thickening (53.3%), peri-bowel inflammatory changes (61%), mucosal hyperenhancement (39%), and mural stratification, i.e., target sign (33.3%). The majority of diagnoses of CTE were ileocecal tuberculosis (11.5%), small bowel inflammation (7.6%), and Crohn’s disease (6.7%). Other conditions such as small bowel neoplastic masses, diverticula, ischemic bowel disease, bowel strictures, intussusception, and ulcerative colitis. Conclusion: CTE has the vital role of first-line modality in the work-up of suspected small intestinal diseases and helps evaluate disease activity before endoscopy, particularly in inaccessible segments. It allows a better depiction of extra enteric complications of the bowel.