The smartphone is one of the biggest revolutions in the era of information technology. Its built in camera offers several advantages. Dermatologists, who handle a specialty that is inherently visual, are most benefited by this handy technology. Here in this article, we attempt to provide an overview of smartphone photography in clinical dermatology in order to help the dermatologist to get the best out of the available camera for clinical imaging and storage
Clinical photography of hair disorders is an extension of photography in dermatology practice. Some points should be kept in mind while taking images of the hair and hair bearing areas in view of the reflection of light and the subsequent glare that may spoil the result. For documentation of most conditions of the hair, the same general rules of dermatological photography apply. The correct lighting is the most important aspect of clinical photography in trichology practice and can be achieved by reflected light than direct light. Special care should be taken in conditions requiring serial images to document progress/response to treatment and the most important factor in this context is consistency with respect to patient positioning, lighting, camera settings and background. Dermoscopy/trichoscopy can also be incorporated in clinical practice for image documentation.
Awareness among the clinicians about the existence of TFFD is essential to save time for the clinician and to reduce the economic burden on the patient by avoiding costly investigations and treatment. Proper counseling regarding the cleansing of surgery sites may help prevent the development of this condition in such situations.
Background
Bleaching with skin‐lightening preparations is a common practice in our society. Particularly, a practice simply known as “bleaching”—referring to application of skin‐lightening chemicals including ammonia, hydrogen peroxide, and hypochlorite, repeated at intervals, as a salon‐based or home‐based procedure appears wide‐spread among young females in India. However, there is limited medical literature on “bleaching.”
Aims
We aimed to estimate the prevalence of “bleaching” among female students of our campus and to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding “bleaching” in the same population.
Methods
A cross‐sectional, questionnaire‐based survey was conducted among the female students of the campus following a presurvey focus group discussion with a representative group. A pilot survey conducted to standardize the survey questionnaire showed a high reliability (Cronbach's alpha > 0.7). Descriptive statistical methods were used to assess survey results, and frequencies were presented as percentages.
Results
A total of 880 valid responses were analyzed (age group 17‐30 years, mean age‐20.24 years). 34.77% had done “bleaching” at least once. 63.8% of respondents did not know the ingredients, and 40.5% did not know about the side effects of “bleaching.” 60.06% of those who bleached had experienced an adverse effect. 58.18% respondents knew about “bleaching” from friends/relatives and 17% from parlors. Only 2.3% respondents had consulted a dermatologist, and only 22.8% had used sunscreens. Top motivation to bleach was to lighten facial hairs (19.5%), for a “lighter” complexion (15.1%) and achieve “glow” before a function (15.2%).
Conclusion
Facial skin and hair “bleaching” is common in our society, and awareness regarding “bleaching” is low even among educated youth.
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