To evaluate the remineralization potential of prepared tricalcium silicate (TCS) paste compared to silver diamine fluoride-potassium iodide (SDF-KI) and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) on artificial enamel lesions. Thirty permanent sound molars were collected for the study. After cleaning, root cutting, and applying acid-resistant nail varnish, leaving a 4 × 4 mm buccal window, the teeth were subjected to demineralization process. The teeth were divided into three treatment groups (n = 10). In each group, the teeth were sectioned buccolingually to obtain two halves (30 self-control and 30 experimental halves). The self-control halves were subjected to cross-sectional microhardness (CSMH), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy at 50, 100, and 150 µm from the external enamel surface, and micromorphological analysis at the superficial enamel surface. The experimental halves were subjected to the same tests after 30 days of remineralization. Three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) outcomes showed no significant difference in CSMH after treatment among the three different groups at the different levels (p > 0.05). Meanwhile, three-way ANOVA outcomes showed a significant difference in calcium/ phosphate ratio after treatment among the three different groups at the different levels. (p < 0.05). The tricalcium silicate paste used in this study showed potential remineralization in subsurface enamel lesions.

Objective: The aim of the current study is to evaluate the remineralization potential of experimental tricalcium silicate (TCS) paste in comparison with more popular remineralizing agents like silver diamine fluoride potassium iodide (SDF-KI) and casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) on early enamel lesions.Materials and Methods: Forty-five patients in the age range of 15-50 years had early enamel lesions on the buccal surface of molar teeth. The patients were randomly divided into three treatment groups (SDF-KI, CPP-ACP, and TCS group) with 15 patients per group. Lesions were evaluated clinically by DIAGNOdent pen immediately and after 3,6,12, and 24 months of treatment. Results:The study was completed with 45 patients and 92 teeth. Twice-daily application of CPP-ACP and TCS paste showed a significant remineralization effect on early enamel lesions after 24 months (p < 0.001). Also, annual application of SDF-KI showed a significant remineralization effect after 24 months (p < 0.001). There was a significant difference between (SDF-KI and CPP-ACP) and (SDF-KI and TCS) at the different follow-up periods 3,6,12, and 24 months (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, there was no significant difference between CPP-ACP and TCS at the mentioned follow-up periods (p > 0.05). Conclusion: TCS showed potential remineralization for early enamel lesions.Clinical Relevance: Experimental TCS is a promising remineralizing agent for management of early enamel lesions.casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate, DIAGNOdent pen, enamel, experimental tricalcium silicate, remineralization, silver diamine fluoride potassium iodide | INTRODUCTIONEarly enamel lesion is a reversible non cavitated progressive disease that results from acidic attacks produced by cariogenic bacteria. The disease is considered a major public health problem in different countries. With a better understanding of the oral environment, the management of such lesions has been directed toward conservative approaches. Undoubtedly, early caries detection is an important factor that can limit the prevalence of the disease and reduce the burden of future treatment. 1 Early detection of subtle changes in enamel via

A total of 20 lithium disilicate glass–ceramics (IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent) and 20 resin nano-ceramic (Voco Grandio Blocks) onlay restorations were performed in 20 patients using a split-mouth design to compare the two-year clinical performance of lithium disilicate and resin nano-ceramic onlay restorations. Both restorations were evaluated at baseline, one-year, and two-year clinical follow-ups based on the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests showed no statistically significant difference between Voco Grandio and IPS e.max ceramic restorations for all evaluated parameters during the different follow-up periods (p > 0.05). Cochrane’s and MC-Nemar’s tests indicated statistically significant differences regarding color match within the Voco Grandio group. They also indicated statistically significant differences in marginal discoloration, marginal adaptation, surface texture, and postoperative hypersensitivity within both ceramic material groups (p < 0.05). Kaplan–Meier curve indicated that the survival rate of both ceramic materials was 90%. After two years of clinical service, IPS e.max CAD and Voco Grandio onlay restorations exhibited similar clinical performance.