The survival rate of North American bighorn sheep, Ovis canadensis, housed in several zoological gardens was analyzed. Complete herd histories, including birth and death data as well as causes of mortality, were collected from seven institutions. Lambs were divided into inbred and noninbred animals, with lambs being considered inbred if they had an inbreeding coefficient greater than zero. The rate of survival of inbred and noninbred lambs was compared using "survival equalling one year" and "survival equalling six months." Another analysis compared the survival rate of male and female inbred lambs and male and female noninbred lambs. Age at death was also compared in inbred and noninbred lambs. The analysis of the data for the seven collections, located in various geographic areas and housing various subspecies, indicates that inbreeding depression is a mortality factor in the captive management of North American bighorn sheep. Therefore, long-term survival of captive or isolated wild populations will depend on maintaining genetic diversity within the herds through careful selection of breeding stock in captive populations and introduction of nonrelated animals into isolated wild populations.

The geographic region where this envenomation occurred has a documented population of Southern Pacific rattlesnakes with Mojave toxin in their venom. To the knowledge of the authors, this is the first reported case in the veterinary literature of an ascending flaccid paralysis, consistent with Mojave toxin, developing after an envenomation by a Southern Pacific rattlesnake.

The Sand cat Felis margarita is largely nocturnal and inhabits desert areas in Arabia, Pakistan, the Sahara and Soviet Central Asia. This paper describes the taxonomic classification and status in the wild, and summarizes the history and management of the species in captivity. In the international studbook as at 31 December 1994 there were 79 Sand cats listed in 20 collections: 58 F. m. harrisoni and 21 F. m. scheffeli x F. m. harrisoni hybrids (Sausman, 1995).

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