Questions of reproducibility and efficacy of histologic malignancy grading relative to alternative proliferation index measurements for outcome prediction remain unanswered. Microsections of specimens from the Cooperative Breast Cancer Tissue Resource (CBCTR) were evaluated by seven pathologists for reproducibility of grade and classification. Nuclear figure classification was assessed using photographs. Grade was assigned by the Bloom-Richardson method, Nottingham modification. Proliferation index was evaluated prospectively by deoxyribose nucleic acid precursor uptake with thymidine (autoradiographic) or bromodeoxyuridine (immunohistochemical) labeling index using fresh tissue from 631 node-negative breast cancer patients accessioned at St Luke's Hospital. A modified Nottingham-Bloom-Richardson grade was derived from histopathologic data. Median post-treatment observation was 6.4 years. Agreement on classification of nuclear figures (N ¼ 43) was less than good by kappa statistic (j ¼ 0.38). Grade was moderately reproducible in four trials (N ¼ 10,10,19, 10) with CBCTR specimens (j ¼ 0.50-0.59). Of components of Bloom-Richardson grade, agreement was least for nuclear pleomorphism (j ¼ 0.37-0.50), best for tubularity (j ¼ 0.57-0.83), and intermediate for mitotic count (j ¼ 0.45-0.64). Bloom-Richardson grade was a univariate predictor of prognosis in node-negative St Luke's patients, and was improved when mitotic count was replaced by labeling index (low, mid, or high). When labeling index was added to a multivariate model containing tumor size and vessel invasion, grade was no longer a significant predictor of tumor-specific relapse-free or overall survival. Mitotic index predicted best when intervals were lowered to 0-2, 3-10, and 410 mitotic figures per ten 0.18 mm 2 highpower fields. We conclude that Nottingham-Bloom-Richardson grades remain only modestly reproducible. Prognostically useful components of grade are mitotic index and tubularity. The Nottingham-BloomRichardson system can be improved by lowering cutoffs for mitotic index and by counting 20-30 rather than 10 high-power fields. Measurement of proliferation index by immunohistochemically detectable markers will probably give superior prognostic results in comparison to grade.

The use of safety-related visual displays such as signs and colors In workplaces Is discussed. The discussion Includes a review of relevant national and International standards for safety colors and signs. It also Includes a review of measures of spatial resolution In human vision, as well as of color sensitivity and color appearance. In addition, research on the effectiveness of safety signs, symbols, and colors Is reviewed. Based on the Initial literature review, the appearance of safety colors under energy-efficient light sources was Identified as an area for detailed research. As a result, a laboratory study was conducted In which the color appearance of 45 different color samples under five light sources Including energy efficient ones was determined for seven subjects. The color samples were contained In four color series: standard safety colors; experimental colors; retroref lectlve and retroref lectlve-f luorescent colors; and fluorescent-only colors. The results Indicated the existence of a set of colors which was more Identifiable under all light sources than the current standard safety colors. This set contains a number of fluorescent and retroref lectlve colors, unlike the current safety colors.Recommendations are made for further research. Including field research, to determine the effectiveness of the suggested color set on safety signs under an even broader range of lllumlnants. The need to assess color appearance under mixed light sources Is also addressed.

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An apparatus and methodology for evaluating the relative difficulty of visibility-related office tasks are described. The methodology differs from current evaluation techniques in that tasks are assessed in the laboratory as seen in the real world. The contrast of a reference task (5-bar grating) is varied until the conspicuity (how well the detail stands out from the background) is perceived to be equal to that of the sample task presented simultaneously. Data using typical alphanumeric materials encountered in commercial activities are presented. The investigation indicates that the apparatus and methodology give a good indication of the relative difficulty of real world sample tasks. Procedures for calibrating the task evaluators (observers) or the inclusion of a criterion correction factor in order to minimize differences in absolute values between evaluators are recommended.

Magnesiocard® (formes orales)C: Magnesii aspartatis hydrochloridum trihydricum. I: Carence en magnésium, troubles du rythme cardiaque, besoins accrus liés à la pratique sportive de haut niveau et pendant la grossesse, éclampsie et pré-éclampsie, tétanie, crampes dans les mollets, myoclonies, jambes sans repos (restless legs). P: De 4.5 mg (= 0.185 mmol) à 9 mg (= 0.37 mmol) de magnésium par kg de poids corporel / 10 -20 mmol de magnésium par jour, en 1 -3 prises orales selon la forme d'administration (granulés, comprimés effervescents, comprimés pelliculés). CI: Hypersensibilité à l'un des composants du médicament. P: Insuffisance rénale. Il est indispensable de surveiller la concentration sérique de magnésium chez les insuffisants rénaux. Magnesiocard 7.5 mmol: ne pas utiliser en cas de phénylcétonurie. IA: Les tétracyclines et Magnesiocard devraient être pris à 3 -4 heures d'intervalle (inhibition mutuelle au niveau de l'absorption). Tendance à l'hypercalcémie lors de l'administration concomitante de magnésium et de cholécalciférol. G/A: Peut être administré. EI: Occasionnellement: troubles gastro-intestinaux. E: Comprimés pelliculés (2.5 mmol) 50, 100; granulés (5 mmol) citron et granulés (5 mmol) orange 20*, 50*; comprimés effervescents (7.5 mmol) 20*, 60*; granulés (10 mmol) grapefruit et granulés (10 mmol) orange 20*, 50*. Cat. B. Pour des informations détaillées, voir www.swissmedicinfo.ch. *admis par les caisses-maladie V030820 Références: 1: www.swissmedicinfo.ch, consulté le 15.10.2020.