Using data from the Toronto District School Board, we examine the postsecondary pathways of students with special education needs (SEN). We consider both university and college pathways, employing multilevel multinomial logistic regressions, conceptualizing our findings within a life course and intersectionality framework. Our findings reveal that having SEN reduces the likelihood of confirming university, but increases the likelihood of college confirmation. We examine a set of known determinants of postsecondary education (PSE) pathways that were derived from the literature and employ exploratory statistical interactions to examine if the intersection of various traits differentially impacts upon the PSE trajectories of students with SEN. Our findings reveal that parental education, neighborhood wealth, race, and streaming impact on the postsecondary pathways of students with SEN in Toronto.

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Cette étude analyse les salaires des avocats et explore si, et pourquoi, les hommes et les femmes reçoivent un traitement salarial différent. Un modèle, tiré de la théorie du human capital et de la théorie de la segmentation des occupations, est proposé. Malgré le fait que le sexe des avocats n'a pas d'effet direct sur leur salaire, les femmes sont désavantagées par rapport à plusieurs facteurs qui augmentent de façon significative les salaires de leurs collègues masculins. Plus spécifiquement, les avocates ont moins d'expérience dans la pratique du droit, travaillent des heures plus courtes, sont moins nombreuses à avoir des enfants d'âge préscolaire et ont moins d'autonomie dans leur travail que leurs homologues masculins. Les résultats demontrent aussi que les avocats et avocates ne sont pas rémunérés différemment pour leurs investissements en capital humain, mais nous suggérons que la discrimination salariale opère de façon plus subtile. Nous faisons aussi des recommandations quant aux recherches à venir. This study examines lawyers' earnings and explores if and why male and female lawyers are differentially rewarded. A model is proposed that draws from human capital theory and occupational segmentation theory. Although lawyers' sex does not have a direct impact on earnings, women were found to be disadvantaged along many of the factors that significantly increased lawyers' earnings. Specifically, women in law have less experience practising law, work shorter hours, are less likely to have preschool‐aged children, and have less job autonomy than their male counterparts. The results also show that male and female lawyers are not differentially rewarded for their human capital investments, but we suggest that pay discrimination may be operating in more subtle ways. Recommendations for future research are presented.

Using data from two cohorts of Grade 12 students in Toronto, we examined whether the transition to post-secondary education changed between 2006 and 2011, particularly for under-represented groups. We used multilevel, multinomial logistic regressions to examine how the intersections of race and sex affect post-secondary transitions in the two cohorts. Our findings revealed that Black, Latino, and Southeast Asian students were less prepared for post-secondary education than White students. Students in these groups had lower than average GPAs, higher identification of special education needs, or lower likelihoods of taking academic-stream courses. These differences remained fairly stable between 2006 and 2011. We did, however, find that Black students were more likely than White students to confirm a place in university in 2011—a significant difference. In contrast, Southeast Asian students experienced a decline in university transition but an increase in college confirmation. We also found that race and sex were important intersections for university confirmations in the case of Blacks and for college confirmations in the case of Southeast Asians. We contextualize our findings within the policy climate of Ontario in the years spanning our two cohorts.

This article begins by briefly examining the previous literature in this area and focusing on the difficulty associated with defining and measuring cultural capital Next, the term cultural capital is examined in a wider context alongside its relationship with the other capitals defined by Bourdieu. While cultural capital is theoretically convertible into other forms of capital, the overwhelming majority of previous research focuses on its relationship with childhood school achievement. I suggest that the more attention be given to the relationship that cultural has with economic and social capital and the causal mechanisms by which it is thought to act. Next, I propose a measure in which the metaphor of investment implied in the term "capital" is recognised. The availability of time diaries from the British Cohort Study of 1970 provides an invaluable source of information regarding how British youth spent their leisure at age sixteen. Empirical analysis examines the effect of cultural capital on economic capital and social capital outcomes. This article ends with a discussion of the results, addressing some fundamental shortcomings in previous cultural capital research which have been identified by previous researchers and which this study has attempted to either address or improve upon.