OFC is a highly prevalent anomaly in Colombia, with a range of maternal and infant differences across case subgroups. The identification of important OFC subgroups that follow certain patterns of prevalence may prove useful to primary and tertiary care facilities with the goal of reducing further disability.

No abstract

Zebrafish are an emerging basic biomedical research model that has multiple advantages compared with other research models. Given that biotoxins, such as toxins, poisons, and venoms, represent health hazards to animals and humans, a low-cost biological model that is highly sensitive to biotoxins is useful to understand the damage caused by such agents and to develop biological tests to prevent and reduce the risk of poisoning in potential cases of bioterrorism or food contamination. In this article, a narrative review of the general aspects of zebrafish as a model in basic biomedical research and various studies in the field of toxinology that have used zebrafish as a biological model are presented. This information will provide useful material to beginner students and researchers who are interested in developing toxinological studies with the zebrafish model.

La picadura de la araña del género Loxosceles produce dermonecrosis en el sitio de la lesión y complicaciones sistémicas secundarias a reacciones enzimáticas de su veneno, lo que aumenta la tasa de mortalidad. El objetivo es reportar un caso de loxoscelismo en Bogotá a 2600 msnm, donde el paciente tuvo una evolución satisfactoria a pesar de la inexistencia del antiveneno como manejo ideal de la toxicidad.

In Colombia, congenital anomalies are the second leading cause of death in children aged less than 1 year, and central nervous system (CNS) anomalies are the second most common cause within this group. The aim of the study is to determine the frequency of perinatal mortality attributable to CNS anomalies in Colombia between 2005 and 2014. Using data from the Integral Information System of Social Protection (SISPRO), we determined the perinatal mortality rate associated with CNS anomalies; we also determined frequency of mortality according to age, type of abnormality, year of presentation, and georeferencing. A total of 4706 deaths were recorded to be primarily caused by CNS anomalies (anencephaly and hydrocephalus) in departments and prominent urban centers. The perinatal mortality rate associated with CNS defects has remained relatively constant over the past several years. Major referral centers in the country registered the highest mortality rates. The impact of CNS defects increased with the decrease in infant mortality rates and other health issues. Reinforcement of primary and secondary prevention strategies is warranted for reducing its incidence.