Omsorg er et grunnvilkår, samtidig som det er et vanlig og allment begrep med avgjørende betydning både i livet i sin alminnelighet og i profesjonell praksis. Mennesket lever i avhengighetsrelasjoner, og uten omsorg skades vi, livet går til grunne. Omsorg i profesjonelle sammenhenger uttrykker seg gjennom faglig vurdering og skjønnsutøvelse. Profesjoner gjør bruk av ulike former for kunnskap; teoretisk viten, praktiske gjøremål og klok dømmekraft. Dømmekraften eller skjønnet skaper forbindelser mellom ulike kunnskaper og den aktuelle profesjonelle situasjonen, eller mellom det allmenne og det saerskilte. Omsorg som grunnvilkår redegjøres for med utgangspunkt i K.E. Løgstrups filosofi og Chr. Norberg-Schultz tenkning, og faglig skjønn med utgangspunkt i Aristoteles' og H-G. Gadamers filosofi. Nøkkelord omsorg, grunnvilkår, gyllen regel, fronesis, lovens ånd SUMMARY Care is a fundamental precondition, as well as a common and well-established notion which has significant impact both on life in general and on professional practice. Humans engage in relations of interdependency: without care we are damaged, life falls apart. Care in professional contexts is manifested through the application of competent appraisal and the exercise of discernment. Professions use different kinds of knowledge; theoretical expertise, practical know-how and discerning judgement. Acumen or discerning judgement creates links between different kinds of knowledge and the relevant professional situation, or between the universal and the particular. Drawing on the philosophy of K.E. Løgstrup and of Chr. Norberg-Schulz, the authors explore and discuss care as a fundamental precondition, while the philosophy of Aristotle and of H.-G. Gadamer provide the starting point for a discussion of professional discernment.
This study elaborates on narrative resources emerging in the treatment of longlasting musculoskeletal and psychosomatic disorders in Norwegian psychomotor physiotherapy (NPMP). Patients' experiences produced in focus group interviews were analyzed from a narrative perspective, combining common themes across groups with in depth analysis of selected particular stories. NPMP theory expanded by Løgstrup's and Ricoeur's philosophy, and Mattingly's and Frank's narrative approach provided the theoretical perspective. Patients had discovered meaning imbued in muscular tension. Control shifted from inhibiting discipline and cognitive strategies, towards more contingence with gravity and sensation, and increased freedom to be what and who they were. Trust, time, open speech, and being respectfully listened to were described as therapeutic pre-conditions. The body was experienced as the source of their voice as their own. As tension patterns transformed, novel experience in sensation appeared to feed narrative imagination, reshaping past plots, embodied identity and future prospects. NPMP was disclosed as a treatment integrating detection, battle and repair as narrative subplots, but the core narrative was the journey of transformation. Novel embodied narrative resources nourished the quest for a life and identity in tune with the body as one's own.
The aim of this theoretical article is to elaborate on the underpinning of Norwegian psychomotor physiotherapy (NPMP). With a narrative and hermeneutic point of departure, we explore the unfolding of a 10-year-long treatment by analysing a particular narrative from this treatment context in relation to some foundational perspectives on movement, sensation and time. A woman in her late thirties suffering from muscular tensions and pain, depression, anxiety and anorexia, came for NPMP. The investigation of her treatment experience is based on the journal written by her physiotherapist and first author of this article. We suggest that new experiences in movement and sensation as well as changes in movement patterns can contribute to retuning in sensation and restructuring of narrative time. Feeding the fictional space and narrative fantasy with new experiences in movement and sensation can help counteracting delusional ideas and assist changes, supporting embodied narrative identity. Ingrid's experience is discussed in the light of Trygve Braatøy's understanding of muscular functions, Knud E Løgstrup's phenomenology of sensation and Paul Ricouer's narrative time.
Ethics is ever-present in all aspects of human interaction and, in any physiotherapy situation there is an inherent claim to act and care for the patient in the best possible way. The physiotherapy profession is provided with rules, guidelines and codes to support and ensure ethical professional conduct. In recent decades however, physiotherapy literature has emphasized how ethical agency is immersed in clinical reasoning in each particular situation, in the doing of physiotherapy. The Danish philosopher and theologian Knud E. Løgstrup offers a bottom-up approach to ethics, which may augment the philosophical underpinning of this development in ethical thinking. Løgstrup departs from the given pre-conditions of life; a point of departure where the ethical claim emerges from sensation in the concrete situations. This paper introduces Løgstrup's situational ethics and its ontological framing, with four foci: how we can tune in to sensation and sense the ethical claim of the other; how human interdependence can be heard in what Løgstrup calls sovereign life utterances; relational responsibility and ethical norms; and the metaphorical importance of poetic understandings of the world. In four themes we reflect on how these ethical issues are at stake in physiotherapy practice with regards to: (1) uncertainty, tuned sensation and therapeutic attitude in physiotherapy; (2) sensuous, narrative and poetic meaning-making in physiotherapy; (3) physiotherapy and coming to oneself in new embodied experiences; and (4) ethical claims and codes of conduct in physiotherapy. ARTICLE HISTORY
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