The aging process is characterized by a gradual impairment generally caused by oxidative stress and, more specifically, sleep deprivation, which induces oxidative stress in the brain. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of three types of paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD): 96 h of PSD (96PSD group); 192 h of PSD (192PSD group); 192 h of PSD followed by a recovery period of 20 days (192PSD þ Recovery group) on an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in the liver and pancreas of young (3-month-old) and adult (14-month-old) rats. The 96PSD and 192PSD groups of young rats showed lower glucose levels on the OGTT than the control group. In the adult rats, only the 96PSD group had lower glucose levels than the control group. However, the areas under the curve for the young and adult 192 and 192PSD þ Recovery groups showed significant differences. Both LPO and SOD increased in the 192PSD and 192PSD þ Recovery groups, but CAT decreased in the liver of young rats in the 192PSD group. Regarding the pancreas, LPO and SOD levels increased after 96 h of PSD. In adult animals, CAT decreased in the liver after 96 and 192 h of PSD, while LPO and SOD increased in the pancreas of the 192PSD and PSD þ Recovery groups. Differences in the SOD and CAT activities in the liver and SOD activities in the pancreas were also observed between the young and adult rats and maintained across all the PSD groups. In conclusion, PSD induced differential responses that appeared to depend on the duration of the induced condition, the animals' age, and the tissue analyzed. It was found that adult rats were more susceptible to the effects of PSD than young rats.

Efecto de la administración de ISRS durante la etapa perinatal ……….32 2. Antecedentes …………………………………………………………………...34 2.1. Efecto de la FLX sobre la conducta sexual masculina y parámetros testiculares …………………………………………………………………...34 3. Justificación …………………………………………………………………….36 4. Pregunta de Investigación …………………………………………………...37 5. Hipótesis ………………………………………………………………………...37 6. Objetivos ………………………………………………………………………...37 6.1. Objetivo general ……………………………………………………………..37 6.2. Objetivos particulares ……………………………………………………….37 7. Material y métodos …………………………………………………………....38 7.1. Concentración de Testosterona (T) ……………………………………….39 7.2. Obtención de los espermatozoides ……………………………………….40 7.3. Calidad espermática ………………………………………………………..40 7.4. Compactación de DNA con azul de anilina (AB) ………………………...42 7.5. Distribución de carbohidratos ……………………………………………...43 8. Análisis Estadístico …………………………………………………………...44 9. Resultados ……………………………………………………………………..44 9.1. Concentración de testosterona ……………………………………………44 9.2. Parámetros de calidad espermática ………………………………………45 9.3. Evaluación de la distribución de carbohidratos en la membrana del espermatozoide en las distintas regiones del epidídimo………………48 9.3.1. Unión de Concanavalia ensiformis aglutinina (Con A) a residuos de manosa …………………………………………………………………48 9.3.2. Unión de Triticum vulgare aglutinina (WGA) a residuos de Nacetilglucosamina y ácido siálico ……………………………………52