A cinética de secagem em leito fixo da banana maçã, fatiada em rodelas com espessuras de 5 a 10 mm e nas temperaturas de 50 a 70°C, e a aplicação de cinco modelos matemáticos, para a representação do processo de secagem, foi objeto de estudo do presente trabalho. Conforme os resultados obtidos, o processo de secagem ocorre totalmente à taxa decrescente e a variável temperatura tem maior influência. Os modelos que melhor representaram o processo de secagem foram o de Henderson e Pabis e o Exponencial 2 termos. Os valores médios do coeficiente de difusividade efetiva, para as temperaturas e espessuras em estudo, variaram de 3,307x10 -10 a 1,254x10 -9 m 2 s -1 , e esses valores encontram-se dentro dos valores referenciados pela literatura para alimentos em geral. Os valores referentes à energia de ativação variaram de 23.783 a 35.541 -1 mol kJ .
On account of being considered a species of great importance for the global aquaculture the Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) was selected to execute this experiment. The aim was to evaluate yield, humidity, acceptance and preference for individuals of this species submitted to the hot and liquid smoking processes. The flattened fish yields were 38.46 and 54.44% for the hot and liquid smoking processes, respectively. The humidity verified during the treatment was 81.01% for individuals submitted to the liquid treatment and 69.30% for the hot-smoked ones. The sensorial analysis reveals that both treatments exhibited good acceptance, however the hot-smoked ones were preferred. Thus, the smoking process, whatever the form, traditional or liquid, is an alternative to aggregate value to the fish. Key words: Adding value, fish, Oreochromis niloticusRendimento, umidade, aceitabilidade e preferência da tilápia submetida à defumação RESUMOPor ser considerada uma espécie de grande importância para a aquicultura mundial, a Oreochromis niloticus (tilápia do Nilo) foi escolhida para a realização deste experimento. O objetivo foi avaliar o rendimento, umidade, aceitação e preferência de exemplares desta espécie submetidos à defumação quente e líquida. O rendimento foi de 38,46 e 54,44% para o pescado espalmado defumado a quente e na forma líquida respectivamente. A umidade observada nos tratamentos foi de 81,01% para os exemplares submetidos ao tratamento líquido e 69,30% para os tratados a quente. A análise sensorial revelou que ambos os tratamentos apresentaram boa aceitação, entretanto aqueles processados a quente foram preferidos. Portanto, a defumação, seja na forma tradicional ou líquida, é uma alternativa de agregação de valor a este pescado.
A pesca de peixes lisos (bagres) na Amazônia acontece na calha do rio em períodos sazonais e é dependente do ciclo hidrológico e do ciclo de vida das espécies. Poucos são os estudos relacionados a pirarara (Phractocephalus hemioliopterus), espécie nativa da bacia amazônica e pode chegar a 80 kg. Diferencia-se pelo padrão de cores no corpo e nas nadadeiras que são alaranjadas a vermelhas. O objetivo foi determinar a composição centesimal da pele de pirarara no período de cheia e seca nos rios da região. Foram utilizados 14 exemplares e as análises foram desenvolvidas no Laboratório de Tecnologia do Pescado da UFAM. Por meio da análise de variância (ANOVA) e teste Tukey para a Palavras-chave: peixes, bagres, Amazonas, ciclo hidrológico ABSTRACT Catfish fishing, in Amazonia, takes place on the river channel in seasonal periods and it depends both on their hydrological cycle and the species life cycle. There are few studies related to pirarara (Phractocephalus hemioliopterus), an Amazon Basin native species, the weight of which may reach up to 80 kg. It differs due to the color pattern on its body and fins that are orange to red colored. The present study has aimed to determine the proximate composition of the pirarara skin in the periods of high and low water on the region's rivers. Fourteen (14) specimens were used, and their analyses were performed at the UFAM's Fish Technology Laboratory, through analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test for comparing the means. The results of biometrics for the attribute (total weight) showed no significant statistical difference between the weights in 2009 (high-water), 2010 (highwater) and 2011 (low-water), regardless the periods according to, op = 0.1860 and α = 5%. Furcal lengths also showed no significant statistical difference amongst themselves, in the same periods, according to p=0.5098 and α=5%. There are few studies related to the analysis of the proximate composition for fish skins and, a very little amount of data so as to enable comparisons between species. The findings related to the fresh skin of pirarara caught at high (2010) and low (2011) water level (Moisture 61.20% and 58.43%, respectively), showed there to be no significant difference between the seasons The findings related to the fresh skin of pirarara caught at high (2010) and low (2011) water level (Moisture 61.20% and 58.43%, respectively), showed there to be no significant difference between the seasons. The average for the moisture in Nile tilápia skins showed to be 69%. As to proteins (38.29% and 42.00%) it showed to go up a little in the low-water period, when a high concentration of different species and, consequently, an abundance of food, came to occur. As to the lipids one finds it to have diminished at high-water (1.36%) relative to low-water (39%). In filleting, all specimens bore a large amount of solid fat adhered to both viscera and skin. For ashes, the results of which were 0.63% (high-water) and 0.67% (low-water), there was no significant difference between seasonal periods; these value...
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