ResumoO Parque Nacional dos Campos Gerais (PNCG) detém áreas de campos de altitude sob forte pressão antrópica, com a expansão das atividades agrícolas, pecuária, silvicultura e visitação turística desordenada. Devido ao impacto gerado, existe uma tendência à diminuição da riqueza específica, através da seletividade de espécies. Este trabalho analisa a resposta das comunidades campestres em termos de composição de espécies aos impactos de pastejo, roçada e pisoteio humano. Em quatro estações de coleta, foram determinados 107 táxons distribuídos em 23 famílias botânicas. As famílias com maior riqueza específica foram Asteraceae e Poaceae, ambas com 24 táxons, e Fabaceae, com 14 táxons. A riqueza específica variou de 27 a 75 espécies, com maior riqueza na estação não pastejada nem roçada, apenas visitada por turistas. O levantamento mostrou que, apesar da pressão antrópica, as áreas estudadas exibem considerável riqueza específica quando comparadas a outros trabalhos na região, mantendo ainda seu potencial biótico dinâmico. Floristicamente, os impactos gerados por gado ou por manejo com roçadeira se equivalem. Seis gêneros têm potencial para serem utilizados como bioindicadores de áreas conservadas: Croton, Galactia, Periandra, Cuphea, Pavonia e Commelina, mas há necessidade de ampliação das áreas estudadas para estabelecer mais claramente seu valor de bioindicação. Palavras-chave: Campo nativo; Campos Gerais; área impactada; pastejo; visitação turística. Abstract The species diversity in native grassland areas that are under impact of tourism and grazing at CamposGerais National Park, Parana, Brazil. Campos Gerais National Park (PNCG) has areas of grassland under high anthropogenic pressure, as expansion of agricultural activities, livestock, forestry and disorderly tourism. Due to these impacts, there is a tendency to decrease local biodiversity by selection of more resistant species. This paper focuses the grassland community answers to mowing, grazing and tourism. In four sampling sites it was determined 107 taxa belonging to 23 botanic families. The main families are Asteraceae (24 taxa), Poaceae (24 taxa) and Fabaceae (14 taxa). Species diversity varied from 27 to 75 species. In relation to species number, non-grazed areas presented greater diversity than other ones; it points to that touristic visitation may cause lower impact than grazing or mowing. In spite of the anthropogenic factors, the focused sites presented high specific diversity in relation to related areas. In relation to species diversity, grazing or mowing are equal. Six genera presented potentiality as bioindicators of preserved environments: Croton, Galactia, Periandra, Cuphea, Pavonia, and Commelina, although more sample areas are necessary to reliable results.
This study compares the plant structure of native and passive regenerated grassland areas in the Vila Velha State Park, southern Brazil. We analyzed four data set and observed that: (i) areas former submitted both to agricultural activity and fire showed lower species diversity (mainly Poaceae) and three abundant taxa (the ruderale grasses Eragrostis airoides, Andropogon bicornis, and Eustachys distichophylla); (ii) in grasslands former cultivated but not burned for the last 10 years, species diversity was slight higher and abundant taxa included the grasses Andropogon bicornis, Paspalum distichum, and Paspalum paspalodes, and the herbs Pteridium arachnoideum and Baccharis dracunculifolia; (iii) in native grasslands, never used for agriculture but recently burned, species diversity is higher but abundant taxa were just the grasses Aristida jubata and Paspalum rhodopedum; (iv) in native grasslands never cultivated nor burned for the last 10 years, species diversity was much higher and abundant taxa were the herbs Grazielia gaudichaudiana, Stevia clausenii, Chrysolaena platensis, and Lessingianthus grandiflorus. Additionally, typical grassland taxa as Chromolaena verbenacea, Allagoptera campestris, Croton antisiphyliticus, Cayaponia espelina, Leandra erostrata, and Byttneria hatschbachii have been found only in the undisturbed area. Thus, the areas showed diverse floristic composition, yet their biodiversity metrics and functional groups did not differ significantly. In summary, despite agriculture and fire decreasing the park species diversity, the base level for spontaneous recovery process did not reach thresholds that would prevent the maintenance of community structure.
Revisão: Os Autores O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores. Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, mas sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.