The independent association of NK subsets with MRI stability needs to be confirmed in prospective studies to test their usefulness in predicting disease activity in MS patients.

No abstract

No abstract

SUMMARYBlastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare and aggressive haematological malignancy in the elderly, with a high frequency of cutaneous and bone marrow involvement and poor prognosis. We report a case of BPDCN with classic presentation and discuss its treatment and the value of different investigation tools used in diagnosis and response assessment. BACKGROUND

Deciding whether to delay non-lifesaving orthopaedic trauma surgery to prevent multiple organ failure (MOF) or sepsis is frequently disputed and largely based on expert opinion. We hypothesise that neutrophils and monocytes differentially express activation markers prior to patients developing these complications. Peripheral blood from 20 healthy controls and 162 patients requiring major orthopaedic intervention was collected perioperatively. Neutrophil and monocyte L-selectin, CD64, CD11, CD18, and CXCR1 expression were measured using flow cytometry. The predictive ability for MOF and sepsis was assessed using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) comparing to C-reactive protein (CRP). Neutrophil and monocyte L-selectin were significantly higher in patients who developed sepsis. Neutrophil L-selectin (AUC 0.692 [95%CI 0.574–0.810]) and monocyte L-selectin (AUC 0.761 [95%CI 0.632–0.891]) were significant predictors of sepsis and were not significantly different to CRP (AUC 0.772 [95%CI 0.650–0.853]). Monocyte L-selectin was predictive of MOF preoperatively and postoperatively (preop AUC 0.790 [95%CI 0.622–0.958]). CD64 and CRP were predictive of MOF at one-day postop (AUC 0.808 [95%CI 0.643–0.974] and AUC 0.809 [95%CI 0.662–0.956], respectively). In the perioperative period, elevated neutrophil and monocyte L-selectin are predictors of postoperative sepsis. Larger validation studies should focus on these biomarkers for deciding the timing of long bone/pelvic fracture fixation.