INTRODUCTION:Various quality improvement (QI) interventions have been individually assessed for quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). We aimed to assess QI bundle (hands-on training and debriefing) for quality of CPR in our children's hospital. We hypothesized that QI bundle improves quality of CPR in hospitalized children. METHODS:We initiated a QI bundle (hands-on training and debriefing) in August 2017. We conducted a before-after analysis comparing the CPR quality during July 2013-May 2017 (before) and January 2018-December 2020 (after). We collected data from the critical events logbook on CPR duration, chest compressions (CC) rate, ventilation rate (VR), timing of first epinephrine, blood pressure (BP), end-tidal CO2(EtCO2) and vital signs monitoring during CPR. We performed univariate analysis and presented data as median interquartile range (IQR) and in percentage as appropriate. We compared the groups using Chi-Square test (significant p< 0.05).

Purpose Odontoid fractures are the most common cervical spine fractures in the elderly, with a controversial optimal treatment. The objective of this review was to compare the outcome of surgical and conservative treatments in elderly (≥ 65 years), by updating a systematic review published by the authors in 2013. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted in seven databases. Clinical outcome was the primary outcome. Fracture union- and stability were secondary outcomes. Pooled point estimates and their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived using the random-effects model. A random-effects multivariable meta-regression model was used to correct for baseline co-variates when sufficiently reported. Results Forty-one studies met the inclusion criteria, of which forty were case series and one a cohort study. No clinical differences in outcomes including the Neck Disability Index (NDI, 700 patients), Visual Analogue Scale pain (VAS, 180 patients), and Smiley-Webster Scale (SWS, 231 patients) scores were identified between surgical and conservative treatments. However, fracture union was higher in surgically treated patients (pooled incidence 72.7%, 95% CI 66.1%, 78.5%, 31 studies, 988 patients) than in conservatively treated patients (40.2%, 95% CI 32.0%, 49.0%, 22 studies, 912 patients). This difference remained after correcting for age and fracture type. Fracture stability (41 studies, 1917 patients), although numerically favoring surgery, did not appear to differ between treatment groups. Conclusion While surgically treated patients showed higher union rates than conservatively treated patients, no clinically relevant differences were observed in NDI, VAS pain, and SWS scores and stability rates. These results need to be further confirmed in well-designed comparative studies with proper adjustment for confounding, such as age, fracture characteristics, and osteoporosis degree.

Introduction. Various quality improvement (QI) interventions have been individually assessed for the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). We aimed to assess the QI bundle (hands-on training and debriefing) for the quality of CPR in our children’s hospital. We hypothesized that the QI bundle improves the quality of CPR in hospitalized children. Methods. We initiated a QI bundle (hands-on training and debriefing) in August 2017. We conducted a before-after analysis comparing the CPR quality during July 2013–May 2017 (before) and January 2018–December 2020 (after). We collected data from the critical events logbook on CPR duration, chest compressions (CC) rate, ventilation rate (VR), the timing of first dose of epinephrine, blood pressure (BP), end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2), and vital signs monitoring during CPR. We performed univariate analysis and presented data as the median interquartile range (IQR) and in percentage as appropriate. Results. We compared data from 58 CPR events versus 41 CPR events before and after QI bundle implementation, respectively. The median (IQR) CPR duration for the pre- and post-QI bundle was 5 (1–13) minutes and 3 minutes (1.25–10), and the timing of the first dose of epinephrine was 2 (1-2) minutes and 2 minutes (1–5), respectively. We observed an improvement in compliance with the CC rate (100–120 per minute) from 72% events before versus 100% events after QI bundle implementation ( p = 0.0009 ). Similarly, there was a decrease in CC interruptions and hyperventilation rates from 100% to 50% ( p = 0.016 ) and 100% vs. 63% ( p = < 0.0001 ) events before vs. after QI bundle implementation, respectively. We also observed improvement in BP monitoring from 36% before versus 60% after QI bundle ( p = 0.014 ). Conclusion. Our QI bundle (hands-on training and debriefing) was associated with improved compliance with high-quality CPR in children.