z u s a m m e n f a s s u n g Hintergrund: Für den Erfolg der Bemühungen zur Eindämmung einer Epidemie sind die großflächige Umsetzung der Maßnahmen und ihre Akzeptanz in der Bevölkerung wichtig. Diese Studie untersucht daher den Wissensstand und die Risikowahrnehmung in der frühen Phase der COVID-19-Pandemie und analysiert, wie empfohlene und vorgeschriebene Maßnahmen umgesetzt bzw. eingehalten wurden. Methode: Im März 2020 wurden die im HeReCa-Online-Panel registrierten Teilnehmer/-innen aus Sachsen-Anhalt, Berlin und Schleswig-Holstein eingeladen, einen Fragebogen mit 65 Fragen zu beantworten. Ergebnisse: 1048 Teilnehmer/-innen beantworteten den Fragebogen. Dies entspricht einer Rücklaufquote von 3,5%. 83% der Befragten fühlten sich gut oder sehr gut über COVID-19 und das ursächliche Virus informiert. Die meisten Befragten gaben an, vor allem in Bezug auf die Gesundheit von Familienangehörigen (60%) und der Bevölkerung als Ganzes (45%) Angst vor der Pandemie zu haben und fürchteten negative Folgen für die Wirtschaft (79%). 79% der Befragten haben in Reaktion auf die Pandemie individuelle Maßnahmen ergriffen, z. B. das Einhalten von Mindestabständen zu anderen im öffentlichen Raum und Kontaktreduktion. Die staatlich verordneten Maßnahmen wurden überwiegend als sinnvoll und der Situation angemessen wahrgenommen. Schlussfolgerung: In der Frühphase der Pandemie hat sich ein Großteil der Bevölkerung gezielt mit COVID-19 beschäftigt und setzte individuelle Maßnahmen zur Risikoreduktion um. Die Akzeptanz für die staatlichen Maßnahmen zur Eindämmung der Pandemie war hoch.
Background: An EU directive holds the EU member states responsible for implementing the provision of health care for asylum seekers. However, current literature indicates insufficient care for asylum seekers in the German health system. This article aims to characterize the situation of the client population on the waiting list of a psychosocial center (PSZ). Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study based on client files in Halle (Saale), Germany. We included 437 adults who were on the PSZ waiting list between 2016 and 2019. Questionnaires that collected information on the clientele at two different times were analyzed. Results: The average waiting time for psychotherapy was 50 weeks. In total, 85.6% of the 188 respondents reported sleep disorders (n = 161), 65.4% of clients reported pain (n = 123) and 54.8% suicide attempts/suicidal thoughts (n = 54). In the 16-week waiting period in which the clients waited for an initial appointment with a psychologist, the residence status deteriorated in 21.3% (n = 40). Conclusion: Improving asylum seekers’ access to the German health system is urgently needed in order to prevent unnecessary suffering in the future and to comply with EU law.
The School Entry Examination (SEE) can be used to identify children with current health issues, developmental delays, and risk factors for later diseases. This study analyzes the health status of preschool children in a German city with considerable socio-economic differences among its quarters. We used secondary data from SEEs 2016–2019 from the entire city (8417 children), which we divided into quarters with low (LSEB), medium (MSEB), and high socioeconomic burden (HSEB). In HSEB quarters, 11.3% of children were overweight as opposed to 5.3% in LSEB quarters. In HSEB quarters, 17.2% of children had sub-par cognitive development in contrast to 1.5% in LSEB quarters. For overall sub-par development, LSEB quarters had a prevalence of 3.3%, whereas, in HSEB quarters, 35.8% of children received this result. Logistic regression was used to determine the influence of the city quarter on the outcome of overall sub-par development. Here, considerable disparities among HSEB and LSEB quarters remained after adjustment for parents’ employment status and education. Pre-school children in HSEB quarters showed a higher risk for later disease than children in LSEB quarters. The city quarter had an association with child health and development that should be considered in the formulation of interventions.
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