A total of 132 pretreatment patients were recruited into the study. About half were severely malnourished. Patients with stage III cancer had the highest prevalence of severe malnourishment. Clinical parameters and disease characteristics were significantly associated with nutritional status. Demographic variables were also statistically significantly associated with severe nutritional status.

frailer populations. 1 Correspondingly, the improvements achieved in medical therapy are accompanied by increased potential for healthcare-related harm. Additionally, since health systems started encountering compensation claims, this has gained some traction over the last 20-25 years with increasing media interest, with healthcare now considered high risk and complex industry. 2 While differences do exist between treatment-associated risk and medical errors, there is often no clear separation between the two areas, which is often contended during legal tussles involving compensation claims. 3

Background The drugs prescribed for hypertension, hyperglycaemia, and mental disorders affects patients’ mental and postural stability, and ends up in fall related incidents in over 60% cases. Hence, a study was aimed to review the drugs prescribed in older patients with at-least one episode of fall incidents. Method A retrospective study was carried out at a 1000 bedded teaching hospital using electronic big data system to record patients’ information. Results Out of 135 patients who had fall incident(s) during the study period, 69 were male and 66 were female. Majority (n=77; 57%) of the patients were older than 60 years of age and have had at least one co-morbid conditions. Most of the fall incidents have occurred during their inpatient period and at the time of using toilets (67%) and at bedside (22%). Around 42% of the fall incidents were moderate to severe and sadly one patient died due to large subdural hematoma and intra-parenchymal bleeding secondary to fall. Corticosteroids (36%), diuretics (27%), antihypertensives (26%), antidiabetics (25%) and other class of drugs (45%) were commonly prescribed in the patients; and these drugs were given either alone or in combination with other drugs. These drugs have high impact on fall incidents as it may lower the blood volume, blood pressure and blood sugar; it may in turn cause postural instability. Most of the fall incidents where noticed in patients who had diuretics plus antihypertensives (26%), antihypertensives plus antidiabetics (22%), antihypertensives plus antidiabetics plus antihyperlipidemic agents (18%) and corticosteroids (15%) concurrently and at irregular dosing interval. Conclusion Regular monitoring of prescription drugs and its complications are of at most important to prevent future fall related incidents. Hence, an efficient and continuous medication review is warranted in an emergency basis to make the drugs safer to the patients.

Migraine is a recurrent throbbing or pulsing headache with moderate to severe pain intensity. The pain is often one side of the head with nausea and weakness symptoms. Around 12 percent of Americans, 9 percent of Asians experiences migraine and the prevalence is highest among South Koreans (22.3%). The outcome of chronic migraine treatment can be quite disheartening, causing patients to feel out of options who have tried multiple treatments with no results. Poor efficacy, tolerability and safety of migraine preventive therapy in clinical practice lead to poor compliance and failure of therapy. The mean change in number or frequency of headache is considered as the outcome measure of migraine prevention therapy. Upon comparing all migraine prevention therapy, the Fremanezumab, Eptinezumab, Galcanezumab and Erenumab were considered as the front runner in controlling the severity and frequency of migraine. Among these drugs, Erenumab was most effective in controlling the frequency of migraine episodes as it produces more than 50 percent reduction in the mean number of monthly migraine days (MMD) over week 9-week 12. In addition to drug therapy, adequate rest, balanced diet, yoga and meditation will help patients to get rid of migraine severity. A multi-dimensional approach is essential for better control over migraine symptoms.