Objective: To find the frequency of post-traumatic fistulas in acquire data in neurosurgery department of District Hospital Rawalpindi. Study Design: Descriptive Retrospective Study. Setting: Department of Neurosurgery in District Hospital Rawalpindi. Period: July 2017 to 2019. Material & Methods: Total 70 Patients presented with CSF leaks from either ear or nose or scalp wound following head trauma. All these patients underwent treatment in the emergency room because the study of patients included only those to who presented to emergency with head trauma, including some who underwent some surgical procedure as well, apart from the standard conservative management for all patients. Mean and standard deviation of quantitative data (age), was recorded. Categorical data like gender, early and late onset of disease, surgical treatment were expressed in frequencies & percentage. Results: 70 patients including 52(74.2%) male and 18(25.7%) female. The mean ages was 38.34­­+13.21 year. CSF leakage was from nose 33(47%) and ear was 37(53%). At the postoperative period, 8(11%) patients had meningitis and 62(89%) patients had no meningitis. Those patients who treated non surgically as 56(80%) as compared to those who underwent some surgical procedures 14(20%). Majority of the patients 59(84%) had early onset < 48 hours of presentation, while 11(16%) had delayed > 48 hours of CSF leakage. Conclusion: CSF fistulas remain a problem after head trauma, with a significant risk of complications and rarely death, hence requiring prompt diagnosis and careful management. Failure of CSF fistula to heal within an average time of 2 weeks of conservative treatment, usually requires surgical treatment.

Hydrocephalus is routinely treated by surgical procedures. Cerebrospinal fluid shunt placement is a critical therapeutic intervention for hydrocephalus.CSF shunting has multiple complications among which infection is very common. The major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with CSF shunts is the infection of the central nervous system (CNS). It can lead to a prolonged hospital stay, increase the number of operative procedures 03 times more than none infected cases and has twice the fatality rate. Study of such type of complication will help the patients to improve their health and also improve our sterilization techniques and reduce burden of hospital and patients expenditures. The objective of the study was to determine the frequency of infection after cerebrospinal fluid shunting procedures. A case series study was used as a study design. The study was conducted from 10-2010 to 10-06-2011. One hundred and forty-four patients with both genders of all age groups undergoing cerebrospinal fluid shunting, meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria, were selected for the present study after informed consent of patient or guardian and approval by the hospital ethical committee. Follow up was ensured by taking the telephonic contact and address of the patient. The total no of patients was 144 among which, 89 were males and 55 were females. Age distribution was from 01 months to 75 years with the mean age of 15.280 and the standard deviation was 20.450. Post-operative infection was present in 20(13.9%) patients.