Solar Panel Remote Monitoring and Control System on Miniature Weather Stations Based on Web Server and ESP32 The weather station helps in planning socioeconomic activities such as agriculture, tourism, transportation, marine activities and plantations. The station needs an energy source, an electric energy source to operate, and is needed to get continuous assistance. This study aims to build a system for using two sources of electrical energy to support electricity stations that can be monitored and control remotely and provide information on the use of electrical energy in miniature weather stations into a web server. This research produces a remote monitoring and control system that can automatically switch primary energy sources to backup energy sources. When taking the main current source goes out, the system is able to carry the energy source back to the main source back to the main source alive again. The system can make changes manually using a web server that can be controlled remotely. When the battery reaches a voltage above 14.40 volts, the charging process stops and the system uses electrical energy from the battery. When the battery voltage reads 11.89 volts, do the battery charging process again. Electrical energy system information on miniature stations can display information about voltage, current, power, temperature and intensity of sunlight in the form of graphical visualization in real time.

Devices in the IoT system are located in many places and difficult to be accesses physically by system administrator. Besides, short life cycle of software/firmware requires to be updated periodically in order to improve the embedded system function to meet the system requirements. These conditions shows the difficulty to update the devices physically. Auto update firmware over the air system became a solution for physical acsess and periodically updated problem which developed by implementing Hypertext Transfer Protocol Web Server. This research is part of study of developing IoT Management System in agricultural environment. This system is in form of web application as an interface to control and manage the update system and a software for update firmware that embedded in the IoT devices. The results shows that the system is able to update firmware of the IoT devices that connected to different network at the same time automatically. Besides, this system can serve around 29,000 request for firmware update concurrently.