Vitamin E is a strong anti-oxidative stress agent that affects the bone remodeling process. This study evaluates the effect of mixed-tocopherol supplements on bone remodeling in postmenopausal osteopenic women. A double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial study was designed to measure the effect of mixed-tocopherol on the bone turnover marker after 12 weeks of supplementation. All 52 osteopenic postmenopausal women were enrolled and allocated into two groups. The intervention group received mixed-tocopherol 400 IU/day, while the control group received placebo tablets. Fifty-two participants completed 12 weeks of follow-up. Under an intention-to-treat analysis, vitamin E produced a significant difference in the mean bone resorption marker (serum C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX)) compared with the placebo group (−0.003 ± 0.09 and 0.121 ± 0.15, respectively (p < 0.001)). In the placebo group, the CTX had increased by 35.3% at 12 weeks of supplementation versus baseline (p < 0.001), while, in the vitamin E group, there was no significant change of bone resorption marker (p < 0.898). In conclusion, vitamin E (mixed-tocopherol) supplementation in postmenopausal osteopenic women may have a preventive effect on bone loss through anti-resorptive activity.

Background Uterine lipoleiomyoma is a rare tumor of uterus. The authors reported a case of submucosal uterine lipoleiomyoma that presented with vaginal spotting. The clinical presentation, ultrasound imaging, hysteroscopy, and histopathological findings are documented in this report. Case presentation A 53-year-old perimenopausal woman presented to our gynecology clinic with vaginal spotting that did not correlate with her menstruation. She had experienced vaginal spotting almost every day for 2 months, but her normal menstruation had occurred 3 months previously. Pelvic examination was unremarkable. Transvaginal ultrasound showed a retroverted uterus with irregularities in the endometrial lining that were suspicious for endometrial polyps as well as an approximately 37- × 39-mm hyperechoic mass with hypoechoic borders at the anterior wall of the uterus. Both ovaries were unremarkable. Endometrial polyps and uterine leiomyoma were suspected. Endometrial sampling revealed endometrial polyps. Hysteroscopy showed a submucosal uterine mass; tissue was sent for pathology, and lipoleiomyoma was confirmed. Conclusion Uterine lipoleiomyoma is a rare variant of uterine leiomyoma. No previous reports have described malignant transformation. Therefore, conservative treatment is acceptable if asymptomatic. After the procedure, our patient went into a menopausal transition period and had no symptoms.

Aim: To determine the outcomes of laparoscopic partial cystectomy (LPC) for bladder endometriosis (BE). Methods: This was a retrospective study using medical records of women who underwent LPC for BE between January 2009 and December 2017. Demographic characteristics, surgical findings, including surgical site and size of the bladder lesion, endometriosis at other locations, and pre- and postoperative hormonal treatment data were collected. Results: We analyzed data of 18 women with full-thickness BE. The patients had a mean age of 34 (range, 26–45) years and body mass index of 21.6 (range, 16.1–25) kg/m 2 . All women had dysmenorrhea. Other symptoms noted include dysuria, gross hematuria, and infertility. BE with a mean diameter of 2.7 cm (range, 1–5) was most commonly found at the posterior wall of the bladder (94.4%). Peritoneal endometriosis (94.4%), endometrioma (33.3%), and deep endometriotic nodules (22.2%) in the posterior compartment were also found. No surgical complications were observed. Postoperative hormonal treatment was administered to 14 (77.8%) patients. All symptoms improved after the surgery. No recurrence was found after 30 (range, 12–74) months of follow-up. Conclusion: LPC is an effective treatment option for BE.