AimTo evaluate visual impairment (VI) in children with cerebral palsy (CP).MethodsThis population-based study included 419 children from the Surveillance of Cerebral Palsy in Europe (SCPE) C28 RCP-HR – Register of Cerebral Palsy of Croatia born 2003-2008. Vision in children with CP (according to SCPE) was classified as normal or impaired, with the subcategory of severe VI. The proportion of children with VI was assessed in groups with different CP type/subtype, gross and fine motor function, and gestational age (GA).ResultsA total of 266 children had some degree of VI (266/400; 66.5%), 134 had normal vision, and data on VI were unknown for 19 children. Severe VI was present in 44 children (44/400; 11%). The proportion of children with VI and severe VI increased with the Gross Motor Function Classification System and Bimanual Fine Motor Function levels. Children with bilateral spastic CP had the highest frequency of severe VI (14.9%). The percentage of severe VI in children with bilateral spastic CP was 53.8% in the group born <28 weeks of GA, 13.3% in the group born 28-31 weeks of GA, 11.1% in the group born 32-36 weeks of GA, and 24.4% in the group born >36 weeks of GA (λ2 = 4.95; df = 6; P < 0.001).ConclusionChildren with CP have a high prevalence of VI and severe VI, which is increasing with the level of motor impairment. Severe VI is significantly more common in children with bilateral spastic CP, especially among extremely premature infants.

In this report, we describe TCCS as a valuable non-invasive, harmless, low-cost, widely available method for the detection and follow-up of hemodynamic changes of AVMs in children with headache, before and after treatment.

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The aim of our research was to investigate the diseases of 0-18 year old patients who were admitted to the 'Muratsan' University hospital complex(UHC) Intensive care unit (ICU) and toxicology for the last 7 years, including cases that have been reported from the dispensary with or without referral.A retrospective study was performed using medical charts up to 7 years (2012-2018) from 'Muratsan'(UHC) ICU and toxicology. The overall number of patients was 5152, among them 3074 were male and 2078 were female.This study included cases that have been reported by the 'Muratsan'UHC ICU and toxicology from the dispensary with or without referral.The number of patients who were referred from the polyclinics of Yerevan is 41(0.7%). 23(56.1%) of them had Acute respiratory infections(ARI), 3(7.3%)-Acute Intoxications(AI), 5 (12.2%)-Acute Drug Intoxications(ADI) and 2(4.9%)-allergic disorders, 8(19.5%) other disorders*. The referred patients were divided into 4 age groups(0-1,1-7,7-14,14-18), the first group-10, the second-27, the third-3 and the fourth-1 case. 24%-moderate, 64%-severe and 11%-extremely severe cases (the level of severity was absent in 1% of cases).53 patients(1%) were referred from regional polyclinics, 20 (37.7%) of them had ARI, 13(24.5%)-AI, 11(20.8%)-ADI and 2(3.8%)-allergic disorders, 7(13.2%) other disorders. The first age group included-6, the second-42, the third-5 and the fourth-0 cases. 36%-moderate, 57%-severe cases(the level of severity was absent in 7% of cases).Out of 2414 patients who were admitted to hospital without referral 519(21.5%) had ARI, 859(35.6%)-AI, 575 (23.8%)-ADI and 87(3.6%)-allergic disorders.374(15.5%)-other disorders. The first age group included-300, the second-1832, the third-209 and the fourth-73 cases. 42%-moderate, 54%-severe and 2%-extremely severe cases(the level of severity was absent in 2% of cases).*Diabetes mellitus, epilepsy, cancer, hematological disorders, etc.ARIs are more prevalent in patients who have been referred from polyclinics, while the patients without referral had mostly ADIs and AIs. The hospitalization without referral was rather high, which suggests that the primary chain of trust has decreased.

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