Fraud is one of the most common crimes against property. Given the progress in information technology, digitalization and other areas, the number of frauds has been constantly growing for a few years now and legal regulations need to be adapted to the requirements of the present era. The legal retort to damage caused by fraudulent activities under the criminal law systems can vary. The subject of this paper is a detailed comparative examination of the Polish and German criminal regulations in the area of fraud. The research includes analysis of the statutory features of the basic type of this crime laid down in the Polish and German criminal codes with particular reference to subject, subjective side of an offence, object and objective side of an offence. Reference is also made to the criminal sanction and to the mode of prosecution in case of fraud. The analysis is based on views of legal academics and commentators and judicial decisions. The discussion is concluded with a comparison of the Polish and German provisions with an indication of the similarities and differences between these regulations.

The right to abortion is a human right and as such occupies an important role in public discourse. In the study, its authors point to the history of Polish abortion law, outline the current legal status in this respect, paying attention to the provisions penalizing abortion related crimes.