Résumé. Le présent article a pour but d'exposer l'analyse des structures rhétorico-lexicosyntaxiques propres au roman policier visant à établir la matrice lexico-syntaxique du genre en question. Le choix du roman policier résulte du fait que sa structure interne est stable indépendamment de l'auteur, de l'époque ou d'autres facteurs extérieurs. Ladite analyse, qui repose sur un corpus rassemblant des romans policiers en français et comptant actuellement 35850957 tokens, se situe sur deux niveaux : le premier concerne l'histoire elle-même, le second constitue l'échafaudage textuel de cette histoire. Elle consiste en extraction des structures RLS pertinentes pour les scènes normatives du genre; dans le cas du présent article pour la scène normative descriptive de la scène de crime dans le roman policier.Abstract. The purpose of this article is to analyse the rhetorical, lexical and syntactic (RLS) structures which are typical of crime novels. In a further perspective, the conducted research will make it possible to distinguish the lexical and syntactic matrix of the genre. The choice of crime novels results from the existence of a constant, internal structure, which is independent of the author, the period or other criteria. The proposed analysis is based on the corpus of crime novels in the French language, which currently includes 35850957 tokens. The research consists in the extraction of the RLS structures which are characteristic of the normative scenes of the genre, and, in the case of this article, of the normative descriptive scene -the scene of crime.
Les verbes supports et autres actualisateurs du prédicat nominal <comparaison> constituent l’objet de cette étude. Nous soumettons aux analyses les constructions retenus dans les textes scientifiques appartenant à la discipline de Science humaine. Le choix de travailler sur le corpus bien défini n’est pas arbitraire, car non seulement le contexte linguistique détermine le sens d’un prédicat mais aussi le contexte et le genre de discours peuvent délimiter l’emploi du prédicat. Les analyses proposées se réfèrent aux travaux sur l’actualisation du prédicat nominal et s’inscrivent dans la lignée des recherches actuelles sur les structures lexico-syntaxiques spécifiques au genre.
The aim of our work is to describe some structures with hurler, gémir, crier in two literary genres: the detective novel and the sentimental novel. Focusing on structures with hurler, gémir, crier, we will try to show that there are privileged structures in a genre that convey additional information in specific contexts. Finally, we establish the conceptual scheme which consists of obligatory elements such as sound verb, sound element, appropriate interjection and other elements such as human names, body parts, appropriate predicate.
A b s t r a c tThe paper offers an analysis of lexical-syntactic structures typical of a scientific text, that is a text that follows quite a stable and rigid structure. A corpus-based analysis, achieved through the use of the Scientext corpora, runs across two dimensions. The first dimension is constituted by the subject matter of the text while the other dimension concerns the relation between the author of the text and the recipient. The analysis presented is a two-stage process. At the first stage, lexicalsyntactic structures are singled out. The second stage is to assign those structures to the particular parts of the text, such as Introduction, Main body, Conclusion. The final objective is to arrive at a lexical-syntactic template of a scientific text.
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