The paper will discuss urgent and topical problems that affect historical areas of urban open space. Its main goal will be the identification of phenomena which take place within it, and which mainly affect its natural tissue. The article will also contain such aspects as: an analysis of modern trends in revalorisation and the effects of its impact, an analysis of possible preventive measures that can be taken, as well as an evaluation of the influence of environmental factors on the condition of individual types of greenery.

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The article discusses the natural and historic heritage of medieval towns in the Opole Silesia region in the context of their ability to take advantage of their potential for sustainable development, especially in tourism. The chosen environmental, urban, architectural, and landscape factors were compared through this aspect and subjected to a multidimensional comparative analysis. The research studies applied mostly archival materials, contemporary topographic maps, statistical data, and both landscape as well as urban field studies. As a result, the studies indicated that the natural conditions of the locations, the preservation level of the urban system along with its development trends, and the areas of the old fortifications with their accompanying greenery constitute these towns’ very value and identity. As they combine elements of nature and culture, they may serve as the basis for development of tourism, which is likely to contribute to the social and economic revitalization of the region itself. What may play a major role in the quest for sustainable development are the urban greenery systems to be designed based on former fortification areas, city greenery, and natural environmental resources, which have been integral elements of these towns over many past centuries.

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STRESZCZENIEBudownictwo willowe po roku 1914 stanowi różnorodną i rozległą grupę obiektów. Brak systemu ich wartościowania powoduje, że ich analizy stanowią żmudny i złożony proces. Ich zasadność odnieść się może głównie do tendencji architektoniczno-urbanistycznych, w tym: ich wpływu na przestrzeń wcześniej powstałych osiedli, oceny jakości architektury w kontekście krajobrazowym i ciągłości tradycji projektowych, oraz jakości współczesnych ingerencji związanych z pracami renowacyjnymi. Szczególna ważna wydaje się ochrona objętych rejestrem willi z okresu dwudziestolecia międzywojennego, gdyż ich wartość kulturowa oraz jakość krajobrazu, które współtworzą razem z towarzyszącymi ogrodami, jest niezwykle znacząca dla tożsamości miasta.