The subject of the article is Stanisław Wyspiański’s bookplate design for Lucjan Rydel, drawn by watercolour on grey paper (23,8 x 16,9 cm). As a standing rectangle, it shows symmetrically arranged twigs with flower buds, which resemble magnolias and freesias. e signs that appear next to the twigs, which are painted emerald green and light violet, are Z Księgozbioru (“From the book collection”) as well as Dr (?) LRydla [“Dr (?) LRydel’s”], the latter being the facsimile of a signature. It can be assumed that this drawing was Wyspiański’s present for his friend, gifted sometime in the years 1894–1899. Rydel never made a decision to have it printed, which undoubtedly contributed to its status of being unknown among experts and absent from the topic literature, either printed, handwritten or epistolary. The piece is nevertheless particularly important for the history of Polish bookplates. is seemingly ordinary drawing appears revolutionary when one considers that it shows an emblem shield deprived of the actual emblem, lacks an epic theme, does not have any text, and features art nouveau embellishments as well as a handwritten signature of the owner. It can be compared to the works created already in the first decade of the twentieth century by artists such as Jan Bukowski, Antoni Procajłowicz and Kazimierz Sichulski.
In 1901, the association Polska Sztuka Stosowana (Polish Applied Arts) announced a contest for a bookplate to be featured at the National Museum in Kraków. It was the fi rst competition of this sort in the Polish lands, and the result was the fi rst artistic Polish bookplate created by a traditional technique. Its author was Jan Bukowski, then starting his career in typography and illustration. Marking books with a decorative label, usually pasted onto the front endpaper, was becoming fashionable among bibliophiles and was an expression of their taste, education and artistic culture. For the following twenty or so years, the contest became a model for many other similar competitions. This article analyzes the form and content of the bookplate in question, which for many years became the trademark and logo of the National Museum in Kraków. It was also the paragon of the Polish exlibris valuable not only for its artistic but also Polish national features. Lastly, it was an object of exchange between the museum and Polish and foreign institutions,on the one hand, and between collectors, on the other.
Przedmiotem artykułu jest ekslibris wykonany w 1904 r. dla kolekcjonera i miłośnika sztuki żydowskiego pochodzenia – Adolfa Sternschussa. Stworzony przez Antoniego Procajłowicza znak książkowy – uchodzący za sztandarowy przykład sztuki młodopolskiej i posiadający bogatą literaturę – nie doczekał się do tej pory pogłębionej analizy. W tekście podkreślono jego związek z ruchem odnowy rzemiosła drukarskiego i poszukiwaniem nowej sztuki opartej na wartościach polskich, omówiono też szereg wystaw i wydawnictw stanowiących drogę rozwoju dla tego procesu. Inspiracją dla omawianego dzieła była ludowa wycinanka, a źródła tych inspiracji można szukać w działalności Towarzystwa Polska Sztuka Stosowana, szczególnie zaś Jerzego Warchałowskiego, który był jej pierwszym miłośnikiem i badaczem. Wycinanka polska przez swoje niezwykłe bogactwo form – niespotykane wśród innych narodów – posiadała z założenia narodowy charakter. Natomiast źródła zastosowanych motywów – ptaków siedzących po bokach tablicy napisowej zwieńczonej koroną – można doszukiwać się w ekslibrisie herbowym oraz w sztuce żydowskiej (niekoniecznie samej wycinance). Jak wykazano, ten właśnie motyw – zwierząt pilnujących tablic kamiennych – należał do adoptowanych układów w polskiej sztuce, np. architekturze.
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