No abstract

The purpose of this paper is to reflect on the issue of whether city governments could or should be engaged in (social) urban identity formation. From a functional angle, social urban identity formation can help to gain loyalty and pro-social and environmental behaviour. Earlier and current research on urban identity and urban development in three quite different cities, Rotterdam, Szczecin, and Tirana, informs our reflection. The city cases are described in terms of urban development and social urban identity. The paper concludes that social urban identity formation can be helpful in cities, but there is a risk of political control over urban symbols and narratives. Topics for future research are identified.