Initiating antiretrovirals prior to conception leads to a negligible risk of perinatal transmission. This study aimed to determine the timing of HIV diagnosis among pregnant women with HIV in Ontario. A retrospective population-level cohort study using linked health administrative databases was conducted to establish maternal HIV status and timing of HIV diagnosis of all women living with HIV who gave birth in 2006-2018. The majority of the 1012 women living with HIV who gave birth in Ontario were diagnosed prior to pregnancy (87.9%); however, many were not (12.1%). Among those diagnosed during pregnancy, only 23% were diagnosed in the first trimester. While HIV screening tests are being well directed towards young women, several women still enter pregnancy undiagnosed and are not diagnosed early. This calls for a continuous effort to promote universal pre-conception screening and to use HIV point-of-care testing for atrisk pregnant women and those presenting late to prenatal care.

Background: Depressive symptoms and alcohol use in youth doubled in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has created sustained disruption in society, schools, and universities, including increasing poverty and discrimination. Public health restrictions have caused isolation and reduced social and emotional support. Together, these factors make depressive symptoms and alcohol use in youth a global public health emergency. Mobile applications (apps) have emerged as potentially scalable intervention to reduce depressive symptoms and alcohol use in youth that could meet increased demands for mental health resources. Mobile apps may potentially reduce psychological distress with accessible technology-based mental health resources.Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess the effect of mobile apps on depressive symptoms and alcohol use in youth.Search Methods: We will develop a systematic search strategy in collaboration with an experienced librarian. We will search a series of databases (MEDLINE, Embase,