In recent years, the rapid development of both technical progress and activities on the Internet, including the economic one, could not but affect the improvement of existing and the emergence of new mechanisms for violating the rights of intellectual property subjects, gives rise to various disputes between participants in the relevant relations, and such disputes is no exception, since each category of court cases has its own peculiarities of consideration. However, analyzing the judicial practice, a number of procedural problems related to evidence and proving in the field of intellectual property rights protection on Internet sites were identified. – Object of Research: What is the key of proof? – Where? and Who? need to collect evidence? – What is meant by belonging and admissibility of evidence? – What are the ways of securing facts as means of proof on the Internet? Investigated problem: to give a legal assessment not only to the norms of national and international legislation, but also to the practical experience of using the institution of proof in the protection of intellectual property rights raised on sites on the Internet. The main scientific results: the procedural nuances of proving the violation of intellectual property rights on sites on the Internet are highlighted, problematic points are identified, and the proposed optimal ways to overcome them, both in pre-trial and in court. The area of practical use of the research results: fixation, preservation of the evidence itself, their assessment, both in pre-trial and in court. Innovative technological product: an algorithm (technical and legal) securing factual data from the Internet site for submitting them to court. Scope of application of the innovative technological product: the application of the algorithm for securing factual data from the Internet site when protecting intellectual property rights should be carried out in accordance with the rules of the current Economic Procedure Code of Ukraine, namely Chapter 5 "Evidence" of Section 1.
The purpose of the research. The article is concerned with researching relations between private and public law in Ukraine.Main content. The historical aspect of this problem and the substantiation of its current relevance for Ukraine are analyzed. Methodology: Review of materials and methods on the basis of analyzing documentary materials concerning problems of mutual relation and interdependence of private and public law. Conclusions. The optimal balance of private and public interests can be achieved by considering the problem of mutual relation and interdependence of private and public law in a dualistic aspect. Opposition of public and private interests in state regulation by legal means is unacceptable, since it is through streamlining the public-legal regulation of public-legal relations that it is possibleto achieve an optimal ratio of public and private interests.
In the procedural legal relationship, the court’s decision refers to the legal fact that ends the court proceedings in the court of first instance, at the same time determines the right to appeal and, accordingly, the possibility of further development of procedural legal relations in the courts of appeal and cassation.The court’s decision, which has entered into legal force, is the basis for further proceedings. At the same time, the court decision is the most important act of substantive law, that is, an act of exercise of judicial power. Which by virtue of the disposition of Art. 236 of the Economic Procedural Code of Ukraine, first of all, the decision must be based on the principle of the rule of law and legality, and secondly, it must be justified.However, some judges have an ambiguous understanding of which decision is considered justified, as some equate justification with motivation.At the same time, a reasoned decision is a court decision that properly states the grounds on which it is based.The lack of a motivational part of the court decision leads to an improper court decision and, as a result, to the violation of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of the parties in the case, the rights and interests of which may be violated by the court decision.Thus, the motivation of court decisions is a mechanism for making informed decisions, as well as the implementation of the principle of openness, access to justice, which contributes to the fairness of court decisions and is part of the right to defense.In turn, the motivational part of the decision is essential for the future formation of the legal force of the decision on the grounds that the resolutive part reflects the circumstances established by the court, on the basis of which the court considers the existence of legal relations between the parties.Thus, the effective protection of the rights and legitimate interests of the parties to the dispute and the possibility of actual execution of the rendered court decision depend on the completeness of the validity of the rendered court decision, the clarity and correctness of the presentation of its operative part, as a result.
An important precondition for making a lawful and reasoned court decision is to establish the facts of the case, ie a certain range of facts, to which the law relates the legal consequences. They confirm the claims and objections of the parties and are crucial in the process of proof. Given the principles of equality of all participants in the trial before the law and the court, the adversarial nature of the parties, this institution is an important and necessary element of a fair, impartial and timely resolution of disputes by the court. In order to properly resolve disputes in cases of protection of intellectual property rights, which are subject to commercial courts, it is necessary to analyze and establish the actual relationship of the parties in a particular case. To this end, the court should find out whether the defendant has in fact committed violations, affecting the plaintiff's legitimate interests, and whether the defendant has an obligation to restore the plaintiff's rights. However, it is clear that the study of all the circumstances of the case of any commercial dispute is carried out by the court only by examining the evidence that contains information about the facts and information. The article considers the importance of the results of sociological research as a new type of evidence on the examples of dispute resolution by commercial courts in cases of protection of intellectual property rights regarding the similarity to the degree of confusion with another designation.Based on the analysis of decisions of commercial courts, the question of how often the survey data are accepted by commercial courts, how it affects the probability that such results will be accepted as evidence, how the acceptance of sociological research by the commercial court as evidence influences consideration of the case is studied.
У процесуальному правовідношенні рішення суду відноситься до юридичного факту, яким завершується судове провадження в суді першої інстанції, при цьому зумовлює право на оскарження і відповідно, можливість подальшого розвитку процесуальних правовідносин в судах апеляційної та касаційної інстанціях. Рішення суду, яке набрало законної сили, є підставою для подальшого провадження. Водночас рішення суду є найважливішим актом матеріального права, тобто актом здійснення судової влади. Проте, аналізуючи судову практику господарських судів виявлено ряд процесуальних проблем пов'язаних з виконанням суддями імперативних вимог визначених у статті 236 ГПК України щодо рішення, яке приймає суд за результатами розгляду справи. Перш за все рішення має ґрунтуватися на засаді верховенства права та законності, по-друге бути обґрунтованим. Стосовно верховенства права та законності, не виникає питань щодо їх змісту. Однак, деякими суддями неоднозначно розуміється, яке саме рішення вважається обґрунтованим, так-як деякі обґрунтованість ототожнюють з вмотивованістю. На сьогоднішній день, обґрунтованим рішенням, вважається таке рішення суду, коли воно приймається на підставі досліджених судом всіх обставин справи, які повністю та всебічно з'ясовуються на підставі поданих суду доказів. Разом з цим, вмотивоване рішення -це рішення суду, в якому належним чином зазначаються підстави, на яких воно ґрунтується. Відсутність мотивувальної частини судового рішення призводить до неналежного судового рішення і, як результат, до порушення прав, свобод та законних інтересів сторін у справі, права та інтереси якої можуть бути порушені рішенням суду. Таким чином, мотивація судових рішень є механізмом прийняття обґрунтованих рішень, а також реалізації принципу гласності, доступу до правосуддя, який сприяє справедливості судових рішень і є частиною права на захист. В свою чергу мотивувальна частина рішення є суттєвою для майбутнього формування юридичної сили рішення на тій підставі, що резолютивна частина відображає обставини, встановлені судом, на підставі яких суд розглядає існування правових відносин між сторонами. Таким чином, від повноти обґрунтованості винесеного судового рішення, ясності і правильності викладу його резолютивної частини, в результаті, залежить ефективний захист прав і законних інтересів учасників спору та можливість реального виконання винесеного судового рішення.
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