The article reveals the essence of speech and speech therapy as a component of the rehabilitation process in restoring the health of patients who have suffered acute impairment of cerebral circulation. The concept of cerebral vascular insufficiency was analyzed, which refers to cerebral physiological changes in old age and associated conditions of speech impairment. Vascular diseases of the brain are not only a medical problem, but also a social one: they cause enormous damage to the economy, considering the costs of treatment, medical rehabilitation, and losses in production. The effectiveness of motor recovery after an ischemic stroke in the early recovery period depends largely on timely rehabilitation. Physical exercises have a positive effect on the recovery of the body systems of people who have had an ischemic stroke. The most frequent consequences of stroke in about 40-50% of the total number of patients are disorders of speech function, manifested in the form of aphasia and dysarthria, which are often combined with pathology of other higher mental functions (various types of agnosia and apraxia). Today, speech therapy is practiced by specialists both as a separate method and in combination with other techniques, and is used in individual and group work, including work with patients who have had an acute impairment of cerebral circulation.