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This paper discusses targeted transparency regulation by securities regulators: corporate disclosure regulation aimed at nudging firms towards changing their business activities in socially desirable ways. Using Corporate Social Responsibility disclosures and other prominent examples, we first document disclosure regulators' public policy objectives. Based on a framework that develops the causal chain linking a disclosure mandate to the desired corporate action, we review empirical evidence on the effectiveness of targeted transparency implemented via securities regulation. The paper concludes with a discussion of opportunities and challenges for future research in this area.

We predict and find that regulated firms' mandatory disclosures crowd out unregulated firms' voluntary disclosures. Consistent with information spillovers from regulated to unregulated firms, we document that unregulated firms reduce their own disclosures in the presence of regulated firms' disclosures. We further find that unregulated firms reduce their disclosures more the greater the strength of the regulatory information spillovers. Our findings suggest that a substitutive relationship between regulated and unregulated firms' disclosures attenuates the effect of disclosure regulation on the market-wide information environment.

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