BackgroundLong-term monitoring in bipolar affective disorders constitutes an important therapeutic and preventive method. The present study examines the validity of the Personal Life-Chart App (PLC App), in both German and in English. This App is based on the National Institute of Mental Health’s Life-Chart Method, the de facto standard for long-term monitoring in the treatment of bipolar disorders.MethodsMethods have largely been replicated from 2 previous Life-Chart studies. The participants documented Life-Charts with the PLC App on a daily basis. Clinicians assessed manic and depressive symptoms in clinical interviews using the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, clinician-rated (IDS-C) and the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) on a monthly basis on average. Spearman correlations of the total scores of IDS-C and YMRS were calculated with both the Life-Chart functional impairment rating and mood rating documented with the PLC App. 44 subjects used the PLC App in German and 10 subjects used the PLC App in English. 118 clinical interviews from the German sub-sample and 97 from the English sub-sample were analysed separately.ResultsThe results in both sub-samples are similar to previous Life-Chart validation studies. Again statistically significant high correlations were found between the Life-Chart function rating assigned through the PLC App and well-established observer-rated methods. Again correlations were weaker for the Life-Chart mood rating than for the Life-Chart function impairment. No relevant correlation was found between the Life-chart mood rating and YMRS in the German sub-sample.ConclusionThis study gives further evidence for the validity of the Life-Chart method as a valid tool for the recognition of both manic and depressive episodes. Documenting Life-Charts with the PLC App (English and German) does not seem to impair the validity of patient ratings.

A promising way to increase the methanol yields in CO2 hydrogenation significantly up to 60% by in situ sorption of methanol and water in alkali salt-doped ionic liquids (ILs) is demonstrated.

Herein, the use of an additively manufactured rack‐type reactor for CO2 methanation under dynamic operating conditions is proposed. In detail, CO2 methanation using an additively manufactured structured reactor (catalyst: 2.5 wt% Ru/Al2O3/MgO) is reported. The dynamic operation is simulated by changing the reactant flow rates (loads) based on the operation strategy of an electrolyzer connected to a wind farm. Due to the high heat conductivity of the metallic structures, temperature hotspots related to load variations are avoided efficiently. In the test rig, these structured reaction systems reach equilibrium CO2‐conversions with only minor axial temperature gradients for various loads and thus offer a high potential for the dynamic operation of exothermic gas‐phase processes.