Because of the highly stigmatized nature of abortion care delivery and the restriction of abortion provision in most states, little is known about abortion care quality beyond procedural safety. This study examined which aspects of abortion care contributed to patient experiences. Data from a prospective, observational study of 9087 women aged 16 to 44 years, from 22 clinics across California, who responded to a postprocedure survey, were analyzed using mixed-effects logistic regression. Patient experience scores were very high (mean overall satisfaction = 9.4 [0-10 scale]) for all clinicians trained in abortion provision (physicians, nurse practitioners, nurse-midwives, and physician assistants). Multiple patient factors (pain rating, expectations of care, sociodemographics) and clinic-level factors (timely care, treatment by clinicians and staff) were significantly associated with patient experience. Study findings demonstrated that clinic environment, treatment by clinical staff, and managed pain levels contributed to a patient's experience of abortion care, whereas clinician type was not significantly associated.

In 1977, the United States Department of Agriculture and the Canada Department of the Environment agreed to cooperate in an expanded and accelerated research and development effort, the Canada/United States Spruce Budworms Program (CANUSA), aimed at the spruce budworm in the East and the western spruce budworm in the West. The objective of CANUSA was to design and evaluate strategies for controlling the spruce budworms and managing budworm-susceptible forests, to help forest managers attain their objectives in an economically and environmentally acceptable manner. The work reported in this publication was wholly funded by the Program. This manual is one in a series on the western spruce budworm.

This publication reports analyses involving pesticides. It does not contain recommendations for their use, nor does it imply that the uses discussed here have been registered. All uses of pesticides must be registered by appropriate State and Federal agencies before they can be recommended. CAUTION: Pesticides can be injurious to humans, domestic animals, desirable plants, and fish or other wildlife-if they are not handled or applied properly. Use all pesticides selectively and carefully. Follow recommended practices for the disposal of surplus pesticides and pesticide containers.

Two sawfly species that feed on white fir were studied in Modoc County, California: Neodiprion near de/eo,,; Ross and N. abietis complex. Neod;prio" near deleonl comprised 91 percent of the field NeoJ;prio" populations and spun opaque brown cocoons in the litter or soil. Neodiprio« abietis accounted for 9 percent of the field population and spun translucent cocoons that appear green and are attached to foliage. Full-grown larvae, pupae, and adults of the two strains were morophologically distinct, though eggs and young larvae were not. Differences in morphology, phenology, physiology, and behavior are described for the two species. Mortality factors are identified, primarily for N. near deleoni. Parasitoids emerged from eggs and cocoons; many parasitoids that emerge from cocoons attack larvae. Larval predation was observed only rarely, except for predation by theridiid spiders. Sampled cocoons showed: 16 to 21 percent parasitized, 21 to 22 percent attacked by predators, 24 to 37 percent unknown mortality, and 25 to 34 percent sawfly emerged. Encapsulated ichneumonid eggs were found in 10 to 41 percent of emerging sawflies.

The Early Warning System is a pheromone-based trapping system used to detect outbreaks of Douglas-fir tussock moth (DFTM, Orgyia pseudotsugata) in the western United States. Millions of acres are susceptible to DFTM defoliation, but Early Warning System monitoring focuses attention only on the relatively limited areas where outbreaks may be developing. During 20+ years of monitoring, the Early Warning System provided warnings of 1–3 years for seven of nine outbreaks. No warnings were provided for two outbreaks because of inadequate density and distribution of Early Warning System plots in those specific areas. Plots should be evenly distributed over host-type forests at a density of at least 1 Early Warning System plot per 3,000 ac. After potential outbreaks have been identified by the Early Warning System, ground sampling for egg masses and larvae is necessary to characterize local DFTM populations. West. J. Appl. For. 19(4):232–241.