Using a large national representative survey, this study examines the effect of perceived religious discrimination, religiosity, and their interaction on life satisfaction. The results show that the negative effect of religious discrimination on life satisfaction is large and equivalent to the effects of some major life events such as widowhood and unemployment. Higher religiosity is associated with higher levels of life satisfaction and tends to mitigate the negative effect of experiencing religious discrimination. Furthermore, although the prevalence of perceived religious discrimination varies across major religious faiths, its negative effect on life satisfaction is generally consistent. The implications of the findings for future research and theoretical development on religious discrimination and its associations with subjective well-being are discussed.

Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) support clinical decision-making and health care practice standards and are among the most-cited articles in medical journals. There is recognition of the need to develop CPGs that are free of commercial influences. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Industry sponsorship of research and investigators' financial conflicts of interest are associated with reporting favourable results, drawing conclusions that overstate positive effects, and understating or ignoring harms. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Physicians who interact with the pharmaceutical industry and its representatives write more prescriptions and prescribe more expensive drugs than those who do not have such interactions. 20,21 The development of CPGs requires careful assessment of the benefits and harms of care options, which involves interpreting evidence and making valuebased judgments. [22][23][24][25] In this context, there is a risk that the financial conflicts of interest of committee members may influence recommendations. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] This risk may be exacerbated if organizations that produce CPGs depend on industry funding to support their activities. 2,[33][34][35] Recommendations published in 2011 by the US Institute of Medicine (now known as the National Academy of Medicine) emphasized that funders should not have any role in CPG development,