Objetivo: avaliar a completude e o atraso vacinal das crianças de um centro de educação infantil antes e após uma intervenção educativa com as famílias.Método: estudo do tipo antes e depois, realizado em um centro de educação infantil em São Paulo de fevereiro a abril de 2017. A intervenção consistiu no envio de lembretes e folhetos às famílias sobre a importância da vacinação. A situação vacinal foi verificada através da Caderneta de Saúde da Criança. Foram utilizados os testes qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher.Resultados: participaram do estudo 151 crianças e suas famílias antes e 145 depois. A prevalência da completude vacinal passou de 81,5% para 93,1% após a intervenção (p=0,003). O atraso vacinal foi mais frequente entre crianças menores de dois anos e aquelas do sexo mascuilno.Conclusão: a intervenção contribuiu para o aumento da completude vacinal por meio da educação em saúde das famílias das crianças.

Background Studies assessing the effects of parenting programs have focused on interventions delivered through face-to-face modalities. There is a need for research to evaluate the effects of online parenting programs on child development, such as the BEM Program (‘Play Teaches Change’ in English), an online play-based parenting program that teaches caregivers on how to introduce playful interactions into their daily household chores. Objective To assess the effects of the BEM Program on child development and the quality of caregiver-child interaction. Method A two-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted in a socioeconomically disadvantaged district of São Paulo city in Brazil. 129 children aged 12–23 months and their caregiver were randomly assigned to receive either the BEM Program for 8 weeks (intervention, n = 66) or standard child care (control, n = 63). Data were collected at baseline and endline of the intervention through home visits and online interviews. An intention-to-treat analysis was conducted. Results The intervention showed positive effects on child development, by improving language development (Cohen’s d = 0.20, 95%CI 0.08–0.47) and reduced intrusiveness (Cohen’s d = 0.35, 95%CI 0.06–0.65) of caregiver-child interaction. No significant differences were observed in caregiver’s repertoire and engagement in age-appropriate play activities with the child while doing the household chores, parenting sense of competence and perceived stress. Conclusions Despite the small size and low adherence to the program, such promising results advance evidences for fully remote parenting programs and their effects on child development.

La visita domiciliaria realizada por el asistente técnico de atención primaria en salud (ATAPS),  corresponde a la principal actividad fundamental de atención primaria desarrollada en Costa Rica, cuya principal labor es proporcionar información y recomendaciones sobre educación en salud a las personas usuarias. Respecto de lo anterior, el objetivo de esta investigación es determinar los conocimientos y la modificación en los estilos de vidas que las personas realizan posterior a la visita del ATAPS.  El diseño del estudio fue cualitativo, analítico y observacional. Para la recolección de los datos se aplicó entrevistas a profundidad a las personas usuarias visitadas  y se realizó un grupo focal con los ATAPS. Para el análisis de los datos, se estableció categorías de análisis desde la metodología de la teoría fundamentada. Se identificó que las personas usuarias refieren un mayor adquisición de conocimientos cuando se abordó temas como dengue, la vacunación, el lavado de manos, la citología vaginal y una alimentación saludable y un predominio significativo del ama de casa en  la participación de esta actividad, lo que al final limita la transmisibilidad de la información al resto de los integrantes. Con respecto a la modificación de prácticas, la mayoría de las personas expresan cambios en estilos de vida saludable y mayores facilidades para el acceso a los servicios de salud. Se concluye que es importante entender la visita domiciliaria como un medio de aproximación entre las familias y el sistema de salud, que favorezca el acceso a los servicios de salud, mientras se constituye en un instrumento que humaniza la atención de las necesidades.

Objective: to analyze the correlation between child development and pregnancy planning and other associated aspects. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted with 125 mother-child dyads, the children aged from 11 to 23 months old and attending daycare centers located in socially disadvantaged areas. Child development according to domains was assessed using the Ages & Stages Questionnaire-BR and pregnancy planning was evaluated through the London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy. The mothers were interviewed at their homes and non-parametric tests were used for data analysis. Results: 17.6% of the pregnancies were unplanned, 24.8% were planned and 57.6% were ambivalent. Inadequate development in the different domains ranged from 21% to 40% and was not associated with pregnancy planning. However, the “communication” domain was associated with Bolsa Família and the “personal/social” and “communication” domains, with gender; while “personal/social”, “broad motor coordination” and “fine motor coordination” were domains related to the child’s age. Conclusion: no correlation between pregnancy planning and child development was observed; however, the low frequency of planned pregnancies and the high percentages of inadequate child development show the need to invest in the training of health professionals, both for contraceptive care and preconception health and for the promotion of child development, especially in socioeconomically disadvantaged contexts.

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