Dietary indoles, present in , and cortisol in the first morning urine sample before intervention and 31 days after intervention. Nineteen women completed the study, for a total of 10 in the treatment group and 9 in the placebo group. DIM-treated subjects, relative to placebo, showed a significant increase in levels of 2-OHE 1 (P = 0.020), DIM (P = 0.045), and cortisol (P = 0.039), and a nonsignificant increase of 47% in the 2-OHE 1 /16 α-OHE 1 ratio from 1.46 to 2.14 (P = 0.059). In this pilot study, DIM increased the 2-hydroxylation of estrogen urinary metabolites.

Spontaneous rupture of an unscarred uterus, due to placenta percreta, should be considered in cases of acute intraperitoneal hemorrhage, even in early pregnancy.

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