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Rate and equilibrium constants have been measured for the hydration and retroaldol reactions of cinnamaldehyde. The equilibrium constant for the 1,4-addition of water to cinnamaldehyde is 4.42 × 10−3. The rate constants for hydroxide catalyzed reaction, extrapolated to zero hydroxide concentration (to correct for the addition of hydroxide to the aldol carbonyl), are: [Formula: see text];[Formula: see text]; and [Formula: see text]. The rate of the formation reaction was measured by adding small amounts of acetaldehyde to alkaline solutions of benzaldehyde: [Formula: see text] and Koverall = 1480 M−1. The course of the synthetically useful reaction of acetaldehyde with benzaldehyde is discussed in the light of these results.

All four rate constants required to describe the hydration and aldolization/dealdolization reactions.of chalcone ( 1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-I-one) have been determined in aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions. Kinetics were studied starting with chalcone, with its hydrate, 1.3-diphenyl-3-hydroxy-I-propanone, and with benzaldehyde in the presence of excess acetophenone. The rate constants for hydroxide catalyzed reactions, defined in terms of eq.

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