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A 55-year-old bat conservationist was admitted to Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, Scotland, on November 11, 2002, with an acute haematemesis. He gave a 5-day history of pain and paraesthesia in the left arm, followed by increasing weakness of his limbs with evidence of an evolving encephalitis with cerebellar involvement. The patient had never been vaccinated against rabies and did not receive postexposure treatment. Using a hemi-nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), saliva samples taken intravitam from different dates proved positive for rabies. A 400-bp region of the nucleoprotein gene was sequenced for confirmation and identified a strain of European bat lyssavirus (EBLV) type 2a. The diagnosis was confirmed using the fluorescent antibody test (FAT) and by RT-PCR on three brain samples (cerebellum, medulla, and hippocampus) taken at autopsy. In addition, a mouse inoculation test (MIT) was performed. Between 13 and 17 days postinfection, clinical signs of a rabies-like illness had developed in all five inoculated mice. Brain smears from each infected animal were positive by the FAT and viable virus was isolated. This fatal incident is only the second confirmed case of an EBLV type-2 infection in a human after exposure to bats.

Tbe question of wbetber Erikson's theory of psycbosocial development is a complete and coherent view of development in males and females is considered After a tborougb review of Erikson's views on tbe role of sex in psycbosocial development, tbe autbors suggest tbat an important element is neglected in Erikson's account of personality development in botb sexes Tbat IS, due to bis focus on issues of identity, Enkson does not account fully for tbe development of intimacy or otber expressions of interpersonal attacbment Tbe autbors conclude tbat tbe major sbortcoming of Erikson's tbeory is not, as some feminists bave argued, tbat it is a male tbeory but tbat it fails to account adequately for tbe processes of interpersonal attaebment tbat are essential to tbe development of botb males and females Preliminary elements of a two-patb model of development are proposedIn recent years, a major theoretical model for understanding lifespan personality development has been that of Erik Erikson Using psychoanalytic-psychosexual concepts as a foundation, Enkson (1963, 1964, 1968, 1977, 1978) traces the ego's progressive integration of the social world and the psychosexual experience of the lndividuaUHe describes personality development as an hierarchically ordered sequence of stages which progress from initial narcissistic involvement with oneself, through stages of identification and socialization, to increasing individuation and establishment of an individual identity jWhilelEnkson emphasizes that this development occurs within an expanding network of significant persona, we believe that his theory does not account adequately for the^develop-ment of various forms of interpersonal connectedness or attachments While/Enkson views identity and intimacy (the psychosocial "virtues" emerging from his stages 5 and 6) as equal in value,\ his

Evidence-based practice, a crucial competency for healthcare providers and a basic force in Magnet hospitals, results in better patient outcomes. The authors describe the strategic approach to support the maturation of The Johns Hopkins Nursing evidence-based practice model through providing leadership, setting expectations, establishing structure, building skills, and allocating human and material resources as well as incorporating the model and tools into undergraduate and graduate education at the affiliated university.