Currently, a large proportion of global fossil fuel emissions originate from large point sources such as power generation or industrial processes. This trend is expected to continue until the year 2030 and beyond. Carbon capture and storage (CCS), a straightforward and effective carbon reduction approach, will play a significant role in reducing emissions from these sources into the future if atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions are to be stabilized and global warming limited below a threshold of 2°C. This review provides an update on the status of large scale integrated CCS technologies using solvent absorption for CO 2 capture and provides an insight into the development of new solvents, including advanced amine solvents, amino acid salts, carbonate systems, aqueous ammonia, immiscible liquids and ionic liquids. These proposed new solvents aim to reduce the overall cost CO 2 capture by improving the CO 2 absorption rate, CO 2 capture capacity, thereby reducing equipment size and decreasing the energy required for solvent regeneration.

No abstract

CO 2 emissions from industrial processes and their adverse implications on the climate is of major concern. Carbon capture and storage (CCS), especially using chemical-absorption-based processes, has been regarded as one of the most realistic pathways to curtail global warming and climate change. However, the energy-intensive nature of CO 2 capture and therefore its expensive cost of operation has been regarded as the main barrier halting its widespread implementation among the portfolio of lowcarbon energy technologies currently available. Recently, catalytic solvent regeneration has drawn significant attention as a new class of technology for energy-efficient CO 2 capture with great potential for large-scale implementation. In this review, recent progress and developments associated with catalyst-aided solvent regeneration for lowtemperature energy-efficient CO 2 desorption is presented. A detailed discussion of heterogeneous acid−base catalyst is undertaken and the specific privileges, drawbacks, and challenges of each catalyst identified and commented upon. In keeping with the latest investigations, the promotion mechanism of catalytic CO 2 desorption and the role of Lewis acids, Brønsted acids, and basic active sites are scrutinized. The performance of solid acid−base catalysts in different primary and blended amine solutions associated with their physicochemical properties is also reviewed. Finally, the status of catalytic solvent regeneration for post-combustion CO 2 capture is comprehensively analyzed and a clear pathway for future research investigations is provided.

Carbon capture and storage is needed to reduce the anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in atmosphere. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs), due to their low vapor pressure and environmentally benign nature are possible solvents for the carbon capture step. In the present study, the solubility of CO 2 in three DESs, namely, reline (choline chloride and urea in a 1:2 molar ratio), ethaline (choline chloride and ethylene glycol in a 1:2 molar ratio), and malinine (choline chloride, malic acid, and ethylene glycol in a 1.3:1:2.2 molar ratio) has been studied in a temperature range of (309 to 329) K at pressures up to 160 kPa. Henry's constants for CO 2 −DES systems have been determined under these conditions with values in the range of (3.7 to 6.1) MPa (on a molality basis). Thermodynamic modeling using a modified Peng−Robinson equation of state was used to correlate the experimental data. Results showed excellent agreement with a maximum average absolute relative deviation of 1.6% calculated over the complete set of data. The calculated Gibbs free energy, enthalpy of dissolution, and entropy of dissolution show that the CO 2 absorption is exothermic and the entropy of the system falls as a result of gas absorption.